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HomeQuEChERS Sample Preparation MethodAnalysis of Fipronil and Fipronil Sulfone in Eggs, Chicken Meat and Mayonnaise

Analysis of Fipronil and Fipronil Sulfone in Eggs, Chicken Meat and Mayonnaise

Katherine Stenerson   

Fipronil is a broad spectrum insecticide that is in the European Union (EU)1 not permitted to be use with food producing animals. Fipronil sulfone is formed by degradation of fipronil, and is actually more toxic to birds and other organisms than the parent compound.2

The maximum residue limit designated by the EU for fipronil in eggs 5 ng/g (.005 mg/Kg), reported as a sum of the parent compound and the sulfone degradant.

In this application, QuEChERS extraction and cleanup (Figure 1) followed by GC/MS/MS analysis (conditions listed in Table 1) were used for spiked samples that were quantitated against a matrixmatched calibration curve. No internal standard was used, thus recoveries reported are absolute.

Sample preparation procedure, QuEChERS extraction and cleanup with Z-Sep+

Figure 1. Sample preparation procedure, QuEChERS extraction and cleanup with Z-Sep+

Supel™ Que Z-Sep+, used for extract cleanup, was found to significantly reduce levels of co-extracted fatty compounds, including cholesterol. Figure 2 shows the reduced background after cleanup with Z-Sep+. The fatty acids, eluting in the same retention range as the fipronil and fipronil sulfone, were removed by the Z-Sep+ cleanup, resulting in a clean signal for both compounds at 5 ng/mL in the final extract (Figure 3). Recovery and reproducibility of the method was good (Table 2). The method was also applied to chicken meat and mayonnaise. The ruggedness test of the GC method was done by repeated injections (>70) of egg sample extracts, resulting in only a small change in signal throughout the run, with a variation of 12%.

Table 1.GC/MS/MS Conditions
GC/MS scan analysis of QuEChERS extract of egg

Figure 2.GC/MS scan analysis of QuEChERS extract of egg

GC/MS/MS analysis of fipronil and fipronil sulfone in eggs at 5 ng/g

Figure 3. GC/MS/MS analysis of fipronil and fipronil sulfone in eggs at 5 ng/g.

Table 2.Percent recovery and reproducibility (%RSD); spiking level of 5 ng/g.
Materials
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References

1.
Fipronil Egg Scandal: What We Know. [Internet]. BBC NEWS.[updated 10 Aug 2017; cited 14 Aug 2017]. Available from: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-40878381
2.
Madsen JF, Sandstrom MW, Zaugg SD. Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory; a method supplement for the determination of Fipronil and degradates in water by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02462
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