跳转至内容
Merck
CN
主页3D细胞培养3D类器官培养:用于开发及疾病研究的新体外模型

3D类器官培养:用于开发及疾病研究的新体外模型

2D与 3D细胞模型系统的对比

模型系统通过从分子至整个生物体水平概括身体过程与功能来促进生物学研究。人体由以高度专门化方式组织的细胞和非细胞材料组成。用一种体外模型系统很难模拟人类生物学的所有方面。与在2D平面上生长细胞相比,3D细胞培养模型更准确地代表活体生物体中细胞所经历的自然环境。

现有细胞模型系统的局限性

动物模型

2D细胞单层

3D细胞聚集体

  • 人类与动物生物学存在差异
  • 在成像和高通量研究中的可用性有限1
  • 成本高昂
  • 细胞失去表型
  • 缺乏细胞-细胞及细胞-基质之间的相互作用
  • 无法模拟体内条件下的细胞功能和信号通路
  • 瞬间模拟细胞组织和相互作用
  • 难以维持长期培养
  • 缺乏自我更新和分化的能力2

什么是类器官?

类器官是源自原代组织或干细胞体外衍生3D细胞聚集体,其能够自我更新、自我组织并显示器官功能。3类器官通过提供以下条件解决现有模型系统的局限性:

  • 类似于原代组织的组成和结构:类器官含有少量自我更新的干细胞,可以分化成所有主要细胞谱系的细胞,其分化频率与生理条件相似。
  • 体内条件的相关模型:类器官与任何模型系统在生物学上更相关,并且能操纵壁龛组分和基因序列。
  • 稳定的延伸培养系统:利用干细胞的自我更新、分化能力以及固有的自我组织能力,类器官可冷冻保存用作生物库,亦可无限扩增。
小鼠小肠上皮类器官

图 1.小鼠小肠上皮类器官按照Clevers等,Clevers et al. Science.2013 概述的实验方案,从成年小鼠肠组织生成3D类器官。类器官细胞在培养的第3-5天开始形成管腔和芽结构,并在第7-10天左右形成复杂的腺窝样结构。这些腺窝样结构区域在功能上类似于成年肠的功能,其中LGR5+ 小肠干细胞的分裂插入位于腺窝基部的潘氏细胞。

类器官和球状体的对比

类器官和类球体都是在3D培养细胞。球状体通常由癌细胞系或肿瘤活检组织形成,为超低附着平板中的自由漂浮细胞聚集体,而类器官则来自嵌入在ECM水凝胶基质(如基质胶)中的组织干细胞。与球装体相比,类器官高度复杂,更接近体内状态。近来,肿瘤类器官已表现出预测患者对癌症药物的反应、帮助制定个性化用药方案方面的作用。

类器官和球状体的对比

图 2.类器官和球状体的对比。相对于肿瘤球状体,干细胞来源的类器官具有更接近体内的表型,组织复杂程度更高。

类器官是如何产生的?

通过提供适当的物理和生化线索,从原代组织或多能干细胞(诱导的多能干细胞(iPSC)或胚胎干细胞(ESC))产生类器官4

物理线索:为细胞附着和存活提供支持。实例包括胶原蛋白、纤连蛋白、巢蛋白和层粘连蛋白。

生化线索:调节信号通路,从而影响增殖、分化和自我更新。实例包括EGF、FGF10、HGF、R-spondin、WNT3A、视黄酸、GSK3β抑制剂、TGF-β抑制剂、HDAC抑制剂、ROCK抑制剂、头蛋白、激活素A、p38抑制剂和胃泌素。


通过类器官检验的试剂

产品编号产品名称说明价格
08-115Collagen Type I, rat tail
F1056Fibronectin human plasmalyophilized powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
CC095-MLaminin, mouse purifiedLaminins are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. This purified mouse laminin was isolated from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a mouse tumor that produces large amounts of basement membranes.
C6745Collagen Type IV from human cell cultureBornstein and Traub Type IV, 0.3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
CC076Human Collagen Type IV
C2249Collagen Solution from human fibroblasts3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
A-005-MPoly-L-Lysine Solution0.01%
C4243Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 2.9-3.2 mg/mL, suitable for cell culture, sterile-filtered
C9791Collagen from calf skinBornstein and Traub Type I, solid, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
P9155Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt 30,000-70,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
CC050Human Collagen Type I
ECM001Fibronectin humanrecombinant, expressed in HEK 293 cells, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
F0556Fibronectin solution human fibroblastscell culture derived, ~0.5 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
F2518Fibronectin human foreskin fibroblastslyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
C2124Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 6 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, and for 3D matrix formation., suitable for cell culture
CC052Human Collagen Type II
5006PureColCollagen powder from Bovine hide, 97% Type I with the remainder of Type III collagen, suitable for cell culture
P5899Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt ≥300,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
5051Vitronectinfrom human plasma, suitable for cell culture, solution
F0635Fibronectin rat plasmapowder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture

类器官的应用

类器官具有生理学相关性,适用于分子和细胞生物学分析,在基础研究和转化应用中具有很大的前景。  

发育生物学:  源自ESC和iPSC的类器官保留着其发育阶段的特征,有助于研究胚胎发育过程、谱系规范和组织稳态。发育生物学还阐明了干细胞及其壁龛的发育。

  • 通过由调节Wnt、BMP和FGF信号通路诱导的连续分化步骤,研究了脑24、胰腺25和胃7等器官的发育。


传染病的疾病病理学:类器官代表器官的所有组成部分,适用于研究影响特定人类细胞类型的传染病。

  • 来自健康儿童的iPSC的肺类器官携带可用于研究流感病毒复制的干扰素调节因子-7基因的无效等位基因26
  • 来自人类iPSC的前脑类器官用于研究齐卡病毒对神经祖细胞的感染27


再生医学:移植来自成体干细胞的类器官有助于取代受损的器官或组织。此外,使用CRISPR / Cas9技术进行基因校正的可行性,可用于治疗单基因遗传性疾病。

  • 小肠类器官在移植到小鼠模型时保留了小肠的特征,例如绒毛的形成和潘氏细胞的存在28


药物毒性和功效测试:能否测试药物对代表性靶标/器官(肠道、肝脏和肾脏)的功效和毒性,可能会潜在地限制与动物使用相关的伦理问题。

  • Hyman肾脏类器官被用来证明顺铂的肾毒性11


个性化药物:来自个体患者的成体干细胞的类器官使得能够对药物反应进行离体测试

  • 结肠类器官用于确定罕见CFTR突变患者的治疗选择29
  • 肿瘤类器官可用于评估个体患者水平的药物反应。
从原代组织和多能干细胞生成的类器官及其应用

图 3.从原代组织和多能干细胞生成的类器官及其应用

类器官来源培养条件类器官中的细胞类型参考文献
 hPSC内胚层诱导:Rock抑制剂(Y-27632)激活素ABMP5
球状体生成:WNTFGF头蛋白视黄酸
类器官形成:头蛋白视黄酸EGF
成熟:EGF
LGR5+ 细胞、粘液细胞、胃内分泌细胞7
 hAdSCEGF、Rspondin、头蛋白FGF10、WNT、胃泌素烟酰胺TGFβ抑制剂LGR5+ 细胞、小凹粘液细胞、腺体粘液细胞、主细胞和肠内分泌细胞13
 hPSC内胚层诱导:激活素ABMP4
后肠分化(球状体生成):FGF4WNT3A
类器官形成:FGF4WNT3A
成熟:RSpondin1头蛋白EGFFGF4、WNT
肠细胞、杯状细胞、潘氏细胞和肠内分泌细胞30
 hAdSC建立:EGFRspondin头蛋白、WNT3A、烟酰胺胃泌素、TGFβ抑制剂、p38抑制剂
分化:没有WNT3A、p38 MAP激酶抑制剂烟酰胺
肠上皮衍生物和干细胞31
结肠
 hAdSC建立:EGFRspondin头蛋白、WNT3A、烟酰胺胃泌素TGFβ抑制剂p38抑制剂
分化:没有WNT3A、p38 MAP激酶抑制剂烟酰胺
上皮细胞和间充质衍生物31
肝脏
 hAdSC建立:头蛋白WNTROCK抑制剂
分化:胃泌素EGFRspondinFGF10肝细胞生长因子烟酰胺、TGFβ抑制剂、毛喉素
功能性肝细胞14
 hiPSC内胚层诱导:激活素A
肝脏特化:BMP4FGF2肝细胞生长因子
成熟:制瘤素M 
功能性肝细胞32
胰腺
 hAdSc建立:TGFβ抑制剂、头蛋白R-Spondin 1WNT3AEGFFGF10烟酰胺
分化:未报告
上皮导管细胞23
前列腺
 hAdScEGFR-Spondin1头蛋白TGF-β抑制剂、p38 MAP激酶抑制剂、FGF10FGF2PGE2烟酰胺DHT分化的CK5+ 基底细胞和CK8+ 腔细胞17
 hPSCDHT间充质和肺上皮细胞33
 hPSC神经诱导:N2补充剂NEAA肝素
分化:N2补充剂、2-巯基乙醇、胰岛素
成熟:Vitamin A视黄酸 
祖细胞群,产生成熟的大脑皮层神经元24
肾脏
 hPSC中间中胚层诱导:Wnt、GSK3α抑制剂
类器官形成:GSK3α抑制剂、FGF9
肾元和内皮细胞1134
表 1开发各种类器官细胞类型使用的生长因子和生化物质汇总。


相关类器官细胞培养产品

培养器皿
产品编号产品名称说明价格
08-115Collagen Type I, rat tail
F1056Fibronectin human plasmalyophilized powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
CC095-MLaminin, mouse purifiedLaminins are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. This purified mouse laminin was isolated from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a mouse tumor that produces large amounts of basement membranes.
C6745Collagen Type IV from human cell cultureBornstein and Traub Type IV, 0.3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
CC076Human Collagen Type IV
C2249Collagen Solution from human fibroblasts3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
A-005-MPoly-L-Lysine Solution0.01%
C4243Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 2.9-3.2 mg/mL, suitable for cell culture, sterile-filtered
C9791Collagen from calf skinBornstein and Traub Type I, solid, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
P9155Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt 30,000-70,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
CC050Human Collagen Type I
ECM001Fibronectin humanrecombinant, expressed in HEK 293 cells, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
F0556Fibronectin solution human fibroblastscell culture derived, ~0.5 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
F2518Fibronectin human foreskin fibroblastslyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
C2124Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 6 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, and for 3D matrix formation., suitable for cell culture
CC052Human Collagen Type II
5006PureColCollagen powder from Bovine hide, 97% Type I with the remainder of Type III collagen, suitable for cell culture
P5899Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt ≥300,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
5051Vitronectinfrom human plasma, suitable for cell culture, solution
F0635Fibronectin rat plasmapowder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
产品编号产品名称说明价格
08-115Collagen Type I, rat tail
F1056Fibronectin human plasmalyophilized powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
CC095-MLaminin, mouse purifiedLaminins are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. This purified mouse laminin was isolated from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a mouse tumor that produces large amounts of basement membranes.
C6745Collagen Type IV from human cell cultureBornstein and Traub Type IV, 0.3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
CC076Human Collagen Type IV
C2249Collagen Solution from human fibroblasts3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
A-005-MPoly-L-Lysine Solution0.01%
C4243Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 2.9-3.2 mg/mL, suitable for cell culture, sterile-filtered
C9791Collagen from calf skinBornstein and Traub Type I, solid, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
P9155Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt 30,000-70,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
CC050Human Collagen Type I
ECM001Fibronectin humanrecombinant, expressed in HEK 293 cells, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
F0556Fibronectin solution human fibroblastscell culture derived, ~0.5 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
F2518Fibronectin human foreskin fibroblastslyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
C2124Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 6 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, and for 3D matrix formation., suitable for cell culture
CC052Human Collagen Type II
5006PureColCollagen powder from Bovine hide, 97% Type I with the remainder of Type III collagen, suitable for cell culture
P5899Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt ≥300,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
5051Vitronectinfrom human plasma, suitable for cell culture, solution
F0635Fibronectin rat plasmapowder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
类器官基质
产品编号产品名称说明价格
08-115Collagen Type I, rat tail
F1056Fibronectin human plasmalyophilized powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
CC095-MLaminin, mouse purifiedLaminins are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. This purified mouse laminin was isolated from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a mouse tumor that produces large amounts of basement membranes.
C6745Collagen Type IV from human cell cultureBornstein and Traub Type IV, 0.3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
CC076Human Collagen Type IV
C2249Collagen Solution from human fibroblasts3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
A-005-MPoly-L-Lysine Solution0.01%
C4243Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 2.9-3.2 mg/mL, suitable for cell culture, sterile-filtered
C9791Collagen from calf skinBornstein and Traub Type I, solid, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
P9155Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt 30,000-70,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
CC050Human Collagen Type I
ECM001Fibronectin humanrecombinant, expressed in HEK 293 cells, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
F0556Fibronectin solution human fibroblastscell culture derived, ~0.5 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
F2518Fibronectin human foreskin fibroblastslyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
C2124Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 6 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, and for 3D matrix formation., suitable for cell culture
CC052Human Collagen Type II
5006PureColCollagen powder from Bovine hide, 97% Type I with the remainder of Type III collagen, suitable for cell culture
P5899Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt ≥300,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
5051Vitronectinfrom human plasma, suitable for cell culture, solution
F0635Fibronectin rat plasmapowder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
细胞系
产品编号产品名称说明价格
08-115Collagen Type I, rat tail
F1056Fibronectin human plasmalyophilized powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
CC095-MLaminin, mouse purifiedLaminins are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. This purified mouse laminin was isolated from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a mouse tumor that produces large amounts of basement membranes.
C6745Collagen Type IV from human cell cultureBornstein and Traub Type IV, 0.3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
CC076Human Collagen Type IV
C2249Collagen Solution from human fibroblasts3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
A-005-MPoly-L-Lysine Solution0.01%
C4243Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 2.9-3.2 mg/mL, suitable for cell culture, sterile-filtered
C9791Collagen from calf skinBornstein and Traub Type I, solid, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
P9155Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt 30,000-70,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
CC050Human Collagen Type I
ECM001Fibronectin humanrecombinant, expressed in HEK 293 cells, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
F0556Fibronectin solution human fibroblastscell culture derived, ~0.5 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
F2518Fibronectin human foreskin fibroblastslyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
C2124Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 6 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, and for 3D matrix formation., suitable for cell culture
CC052Human Collagen Type II
5006PureColCollagen powder from Bovine hide, 97% Type I with the remainder of Type III collagen, suitable for cell culture
P5899Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt ≥300,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
5051Vitronectinfrom human plasma, suitable for cell culture, solution
F0635Fibronectin rat plasmapowder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
培养基及培养试剂
产品编号产品名称说明价格
08-115Collagen Type I, rat tail
F1056Fibronectin human plasmalyophilized powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
CC095-MLaminin, mouse purifiedLaminins are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. This purified mouse laminin was isolated from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a mouse tumor that produces large amounts of basement membranes.
C6745Collagen Type IV from human cell cultureBornstein and Traub Type IV, 0.3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
CC076Human Collagen Type IV
C2249Collagen Solution from human fibroblasts3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
A-005-MPoly-L-Lysine Solution0.01%
C4243Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 2.9-3.2 mg/mL, suitable for cell culture, sterile-filtered
C9791Collagen from calf skinBornstein and Traub Type I, solid, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
P9155Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt 30,000-70,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
CC050Human Collagen Type I
ECM001Fibronectin humanrecombinant, expressed in HEK 293 cells, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
F0556Fibronectin solution human fibroblastscell culture derived, ~0.5 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
F2518Fibronectin human foreskin fibroblastslyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
C2124Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 6 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, and for 3D matrix formation., suitable for cell culture
CC052Human Collagen Type II
5006PureColCollagen powder from Bovine hide, 97% Type I with the remainder of Type III collagen, suitable for cell culture
P5899Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt ≥300,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
5051Vitronectinfrom human plasma, suitable for cell culture, solution
F0635Fibronectin rat plasmapowder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
生长因子及细胞介素
产品编号产品名称说明价格
08-115Collagen Type I, rat tail
F1056Fibronectin human plasmalyophilized powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
CC095-MLaminin, mouse purifiedLaminins are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. This purified mouse laminin was isolated from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a mouse tumor that produces large amounts of basement membranes.
C6745Collagen Type IV from human cell cultureBornstein and Traub Type IV, 0.3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
CC076Human Collagen Type IV
C2249Collagen Solution from human fibroblasts3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
A-005-MPoly-L-Lysine Solution0.01%
C4243Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 2.9-3.2 mg/mL, suitable for cell culture, sterile-filtered
C9791Collagen from calf skinBornstein and Traub Type I, solid, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
P9155Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt 30,000-70,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
CC050Human Collagen Type I
ECM001Fibronectin humanrecombinant, expressed in HEK 293 cells, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
F0556Fibronectin solution human fibroblastscell culture derived, ~0.5 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
F2518Fibronectin human foreskin fibroblastslyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
C2124Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 6 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, and for 3D matrix formation., suitable for cell culture
CC052Human Collagen Type II
5006PureColCollagen powder from Bovine hide, 97% Type I with the remainder of Type III collagen, suitable for cell culture
P5899Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt ≥300,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
5051Vitronectinfrom human plasma, suitable for cell culture, solution
F0635Fibronectin rat plasmapowder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
小分子
产品编号产品名称说明价格
08-115Collagen Type I, rat tail
F1056Fibronectin human plasmalyophilized powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
CC095-MLaminin, mouse purifiedLaminins are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. This purified mouse laminin was isolated from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a mouse tumor that produces large amounts of basement membranes.
C6745Collagen Type IV from human cell cultureBornstein and Traub Type IV, 0.3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
CC076Human Collagen Type IV
C2249Collagen Solution from human fibroblasts3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
A-005-MPoly-L-Lysine Solution0.01%
C4243Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 2.9-3.2 mg/mL, suitable for cell culture, sterile-filtered
C9791Collagen from calf skinBornstein and Traub Type I, solid, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
P9155Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt 30,000-70,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
CC050Human Collagen Type I
ECM001Fibronectin humanrecombinant, expressed in HEK 293 cells, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
F0556Fibronectin solution human fibroblastscell culture derived, ~0.5 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
F2518Fibronectin human foreskin fibroblastslyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
C2124Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 6 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, and for 3D matrix formation., suitable for cell culture
CC052Human Collagen Type II
5006PureColCollagen powder from Bovine hide, 97% Type I with the remainder of Type III collagen, suitable for cell culture
P5899Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt ≥300,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
5051Vitronectinfrom human plasma, suitable for cell culture, solution
F0635Fibronectin rat plasmapowder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
组织学试剂
产品编号产品名称说明价格
08-115Collagen Type I, rat tail
F1056Fibronectin human plasmalyophilized powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
CC095-MLaminin, mouse purifiedLaminins are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. This purified mouse laminin was isolated from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a mouse tumor that produces large amounts of basement membranes.
C6745Collagen Type IV from human cell cultureBornstein and Traub Type IV, 0.3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
CC076Human Collagen Type IV
C2249Collagen Solution from human fibroblasts3 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
A-005-MPoly-L-Lysine Solution0.01%
C4243Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 2.9-3.2 mg/mL, suitable for cell culture, sterile-filtered
C9791Collagen from calf skinBornstein and Traub Type I, solid, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
P9155Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt 30,000-70,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
CC050Human Collagen Type I
ECM001Fibronectin humanrecombinant, expressed in HEK 293 cells, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
F0556Fibronectin solution human fibroblastscell culture derived, ~0.5 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
F2518Fibronectin human foreskin fibroblastslyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
C2124Collagen solution from bovine skinType I, 6 mg/mL, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, and for 3D matrix formation., suitable for cell culture
CC052Human Collagen Type II
5006PureColCollagen powder from Bovine hide, 97% Type I with the remainder of Type III collagen, suitable for cell culture
P5899Poly-L-lysine hydrobromidemol wt ≥300,000, lyophilized powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture
5051Vitronectinfrom human plasma, suitable for cell culture, solution
F0635Fibronectin rat plasmapowder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture

参考文献

1.
Shanks N, Greek R, Greek J. 2009. Are animal models predictive for humans?. Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 4(1):2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1747-5341-4-2
2.
Yin X, Mead B, Safaee H, Langer R, Karp J, Levy O. 2016. Engineering Stem Cell Organoids. Cell Stem Cell. 18(1):25-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2015.12.005
3.
Lancaster MA, Knoblich JA. 2014. Organogenesis in a dish: Modeling development and disease using organoid technologies. Science. 345(6194):1247125-1247125. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1247125
4.
Clevers H. 2016. Modeling Development and Disease with Organoids. Cell. 165(7):1586-1597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.082
5.
Eiraku M, Sasai Y. 2012. Self-formation of layered neural structures in three-dimensional culture of ES cells. Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 22(5):768-777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2012.02.005
6.
Nakano T, Ando S, Takata N, Kawada M, Muguruma K, Sekiguchi K, Saito K, Yonemura S, Eiraku M, Sasai Y. 2012. Self-Formation of Optic Cups and Storable Stratified Neural Retina from Human ESCs. Cell Stem Cell. 10(6):771-785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2012.05.009
7.
McCracken KW, Catá EM, Crawford CM, Sinagoga KL, Schumacher M, Rockich BE, Tsai Y, Mayhew CN, Spence JR, Zavros Y, et al. 2014. Modelling human development and disease in pluripotent stem-cell-derived gastric organoids. Nature. 516(7531):400-404. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13863
8.
Wong AP, Bear CE, Chin S, Pasceri P, Thompson TO, Huan L, Ratjen F, Ellis J, Rossant J. 2012. Directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into mature airway epithelia expressing functional CFTR protein. Nat Biotechnol. 30(9):876-882. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2328
9.
Huang SXL, Islam MN, O'Neill J, Hu Z, Yang Y, Chen Y, Mumau M, Green MD, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Bhattacharya J, et al. 2014. Efficient generation of lung and airway epithelial cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Nat Biotechnol. 32(1):84-91. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2754
10.
Takebe T, Sekine K, Enomura M, Koike H, Kimura M, Ogaeri T, Zhang R, Ueno Y, Zheng Y, Koike N, et al. 2013. Vascularized and functional human liver from an iPSC-derived organ bud transplant. Nature. 499(7459):481-484. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12271
11.
Takasato M, Er PX, Chiu HS, Maier B, Baillie GJ, Ferguson C, Parton RG, Wolvetang EJ, Roost MS, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM, et al. 2015. Kidney organoids from human iPS cells contain multiple lineages and model human nephrogenesis. Nature. 526(7574):564-568. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15695
12.
Sato T, Clevers H. 2013. Growing Self-Organizing Mini-Guts from a Single Intestinal Stem Cell: Mechanism and Applications. Science. 340(6137):1190-1194. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1234852
13.
Bartfeld S, Bayram T, van de Wetering M, Huch M, Begthel H, Kujala P, Vries R, Peters PJ, Clevers H. 2015. In Vitro Expansion of Human Gastric Epithelial Stem Cells and Their Responses to Bacterial Infection. Gastroenterology. 148(1):126-136.e6. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2014.09.042
14.
Huch M, Gehart H, van Boxtel R, Hamer K, Blokzijl F, Verstegen M, Ellis E, van Wenum M, Fuchs S, de Ligt J, et al. 2015. Long-Term Culture of Genome-Stable Bipotent Stem Cells from Adult Human Liver. Cell. 160(1-2):299-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.11.050
15.
Huch M, Dorrell C, Boj SF, van Es JH, Li VSW, van de Wetering M, Sato T, Hamer K, Sasaki N, Finegold MJ, et al. 2013. In vitro expansion of single Lgr5+ liver stem cells induced by Wnt-driven regeneration. Nature. 494(7436):247-250. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11826
16.
Huch M, Bonfanti P, Boj SF, Sato T, Loomans CJM, van de Wetering M, Sojoodi M, Li VSW, Schuijers J, Gracanin A, et al. Unlimited in vitro expansion of adult bi-potent pancreas progenitors through the Lgr5/R-spondin axis. EMBO J. 32(20):2708-2721. https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2013.204
17.
Karthaus W, Iaquinta P, Drost J, Gracanin A, van Boxtel R, Wongvipat J, Dowling C, Gao D, Begthel H, Sachs N, et al. 2014. Identification of Multipotent Luminal Progenitor Cells in Human Prostate Organoid Cultures. Cell. 159(1):163-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.08.017
18.
Linnemann JR, Miura H, Meixner LK, Irmler M, Kloos UJ, Hirschi B, Bartsch HS, Sass S, Beckers J, Theis FJ, et al. 2015. Quantification of regenerative potential in primary human mammary epithelial cells. Development. 142(18):3239-3251. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123554
19.
Maimets M, Rocchi C, Bron R, Pringle S, Kuipers J, Giepmans B, Vries R, Clevers H, de Haan G, van Os R, et al. 2016. Long-Term In Vitro Expansion of Salivary Gland Stem Cells Driven by Wnt Signals. Stem Cell Reports. 6(1):150-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.11.009
20.
Nanduri L, Baanstra M, Faber H, Rocchi C, Zwart E, de Haan G, van Os R, Coppes R. 2014. Purification and Ex Vivo Expansion of Fully Functional Salivary Gland Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports. 3(6):957-964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2014.09.015
21.
DeWard A, Cramer J, Lagasse E. 2014. Cellular Heterogeneity in the Mouse Esophagus Implicates the Presence of a Nonquiescent Epithelial Stem Cell Population. Cell Reports. 9(2):701-711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2014.09.027
22.
Mondrinos MJ, Jones PL, Finck CM, Lelkes PI. 2014. Engineering De Novo Assembly of Fetal Pulmonary Organoids. Tissue Engineering Part A. 20(21-22):2892-2907. https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0085
23.
Boj S, Hwang C, Baker L, Chio I, Engle D, Corbo V, Jager M, Ponz-Sarvise M, Tiriac H, Spector M, et al. 2015. Organoid Models of Human and Mouse Ductal Pancreatic Cancer. Cell. 160(1-2):324-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.12.021
24.
Lancaster MA, Renner M, Martin C, Wenzel D, Bicknell LS, Hurles ME, Homfray T, Penninger JM, Jackson AP, Knoblich JA. 2013. Cerebral organoids model human brain development and microcephaly. Nature. 501(7467):373-379. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12517
25.
Greggio C, De Franceschi F, Figueiredo-Larsen M, Gobaa S, Ranga A, Semb H, Lutolf M, Grapin-Botton A. 2013. Artificial three-dimensional niches deconstruct pancreas development in vitro. Development. 140(21):4452-4462. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.096628
26.
Ciancanelli MJ, Huang SXL, Luthra P, Garner H, Itan Y, Volpi S, Lafaille FG, Trouillet C, Schmolke M, Albrecht RA, et al. 2015. Life-threatening influenza and impaired interferon amplification in human IRF7 deficiency. Science. 348(6233):448-453. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa1578
27.
Fukuda M, Mizutani T, Mochizuki W, Matsumoto T, Nozaki K, Sakamaki Y, Ichinose S, Okada Y, Tanaka T, Watanabe M, et al. 2014. Small intestinal stem cell identity is maintained with functional Paneth cells in heterotopically grafted epithelium onto the colon. Genes Dev.. 28(16):1752-1757. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.245233.114
28.
Dekkers JF, Wiegerinck CL, de Jonge HR, Bronsveld I, Janssens HM, de Winter-de Groot KM, Brandsma AM, de Jong NWM, Bijvelds MJC, Scholte BJ, et al. 2013. A functional CFTR assay using primary cystic fibrosis intestinal organoids. Nat Med. 19(7):939-945. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3201
29.
Spence JR, Mayhew CN, Rankin SA, Kuhar MF, Vallance JE, Tolle K, Hoskins EE, Kalinichenko VV, Wells SI, Zorn AM, et al. 2011. Directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into intestinal tissue in vitro. Nature. 470(7332):105-109. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09691
30.
Sato T, Stange DE, Ferrante M, Vries RG, van Es JH, van den Brink S, van Houdt WJ, Pronk A, van Gorp J, Siersema PD, et al. 2011. Long-term Expansion of Epithelial Organoids From Human Colon, Adenoma, Adenocarcinoma, and Barrett's Epithelium. Gastroenterology. 141(5):1762-1772. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2011.07.050
31.
Si-Tayeb K, Noto FK, Nagaoka M, Li J, Battle MA, Duris C, North PE, Dalton S, Duncan SA. 2010. Highly efficient generation of human hepatocyte-like cells from induced pluripotent stem cells. Hepatology. 51(1):297-305. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.23354
32.
Dye BR, Hill DR, Ferguson MA, Tsai Y, Nagy MS, Dyal R, Wells JM, Mayhew CN, Nattiv R, Klein OD, et al. In vitro generation of human pluripotent stem cell derived lung organoids. 4 https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.05098
33.
Takasato M, Er PX, Chiu HS, Little MH. 2016. Generation of kidney organoids from human pluripotent stem cells. Nat Protoc. 11(9):1681-1692. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2016.098
登录以继续。

如要继续阅读,请登录或创建帐户。

暂无帐户?