Anti-GDF15/NAG-1 Antibody, clone 1K11 ZooMAb^® Rabbit Monoclonal

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ZooMAb^® antibodies represent an entirely new generation of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. Each ZooMAb^® antibody is manufactured using our proprietary recombinant expression system, purified to homogeneity, and precisely dispensed to produce robust and highly reproducible lot-to-lot consistency. Only top-performing clones are released for use by researchers. Each antibody is validated for high specificity and affinity across multiple applications, including its most commonly used application. ZooMAb^® antibodies are reliably available and ready to ship when you need them.

Clone 1K11 is a ZooMAb^® rabbit recombinant monoclonal antibody that specifically detects Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). It targets an epitope within 20 amino acids from the C-terminal region.

KLH-conjugated linear peptide corresponding to 20 amino acids from the C-terminal region of human Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15).

Quality Control Testing

Evaluated by Western Blotting in LNCap cell lysate.

Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution of this antibody detected GDF15/NAG-1 in LNCap cell lysate.

Tested Applications

Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution from a representative lot detected GDF15/NAG-1 in HT-1080 and NCI-H460 cell lysates.

Affinity Binding Assay: A representative lot of this antibody bound GDF15/NAG-1 peptide with a KD of 1.5 x 10-7 in an affinity binding assay.

Flow Cytometry Analysis: 0.1 µg from a representative lot detected GDF15/NAG-1 in one million NCI-H460 cells.

Immunocytochemistry Analysis: A 1:100 dilution from a representative lot detected GDF15/NAG-1 in HepG2 and HT1080 cells.

Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) Analysis: A 1:100 dilution from a representative lot detected GDF15/NAG-1 in Human placenta tissue sections.

Note: Actual optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user as specimens, and experimental conditions may vary with the end user.

Growth/differentiation factor 15 (UniProt: Q99988; also known as GDF-15, Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1, MIC-1, NSAID-activated gene 1 protein, NAG-1, NSAID-regulated gene 1 protein, NRG-1, Placental TGF-beta, Placental bone morphogenetic protein, and Prostate differentiation factor) is encoded by the GDF15 (also known as MIC1, PDF, PLAB, PTGFB) gene (Gene ID: 9518) in human. GDF15/NAG-1 is a disulfide-linked homodimeric protein that belongs to the TGF-β superfamily of cytokines. It is synthesized with a signal peptide (aa 1-29) and a propeptide (aa 30-194) that are subsequently cleaved off by furin like proprotein convertases to produce the mature active form. It is highly expressed in placenta and is detected at lower levels in prostate and colon tissue. Its expression is up-regulated in obesity. It is often induced under stress conditions, probably to maintain cell and tissue homeostasis. A moderate increase in serum GDF15 level observed with age. Highly elevated GDF15 levels are mostly linked to pathological conditions, including inflammation, myocardial ischemia, and cancer. It regulates food intake, energy expenditure, and body weight in response to metabolic and toxin-induced stress. It binds to its receptor GDNF family receptor alpha like (GFRAL) and activates GFRAL-expressing neurons localized in the area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius of the brainstem. It then triggers the activation of neurons localized within the parabrachial nucleus and central amygdala, which constitutes part of the ′emergency circuit′ that shapes feeding responses to stressful conditions. This ZooMAb^® recombinant monoclonal antibody, generated by our propriety technology, offers significantly enhanced specificity, affinity, reproducibility, and stability over conventional monoclonals. (Ref.: Wischhusen, J., et al. (2020). Front. Immunol. 11; 951; Hsu, JY., et al. (2017). Nature. 550(7675); 255-259; Wang-Wei Tsai, V., et al. (2013). PLoS One. 8(2); e55174).

Purified recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibody IgG, lyophilized in PBS with 5% Trehalose, normal appearance a coarse or translucent resin. The PBS/trehalose components in the ZooMAb formulation can have the appearance of a semi-solid (bead like gel) after lyophilization. This is a normal phenomenon. Please follow the recommended reconstitution procedure in the data sheet to dissolve the semi-solid, bead-like, gel-appearing material. The resulting antibody solution is completely stable and functional as proven by full functional testing. Contains no biocide or preservatives, such as azide, or any animal by-products. Larger pack sizes provided as multiples of 25 µL.

300 µg/mL after reconstitution at 25 µL per vial. Please refer to guidance on suggested starting dilutions and/or titers per application and sample type.

Recommend storage of lyophilized product at 2-8°C; Before reconstitution, micro-centrifuge vials briefly to spin down material to bottom of the vial; Reconstitute each vial by adding 25 µL of filtered lab grade water or PBS; Reconstituted antibodies can be stored at 2-8°C, or -20°C for long term storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaws.

ZooMAb is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.