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Merck
CN
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文件

安全信息

M4171

Sigma-Aldrich

Melittin

≥97% (HPLC), synthetic

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经验公式（希尔记法）:
C131H229N39O31
CAS号:
20449-79-0
分子量:
2846.46
MDL编号:
MFCD00076868
UNSPSC代码:
12352200
PubChem化学物质编号:
24896910
NACRES:
NA.32

质量水平

200

检测方案

≥97% (HPLC)

储存温度

−20°C

SMILES字符串

CC[C@H](C)[C@H](NC(=O)CN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc2c[nH]c3ccccc23)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(N)=O

InChI

1S/C131H229N39O31/c1-23-71(16)102(163-97(176)60-135)122(194)146-62-98(177)148-74(19)109(181)164-100(69(12)13)124(196)160-88(55-65(4)5)116(188)155-84(41-30-33-51-134)115(187)165-101(70(14)15)125(197)161-90(57-67(8)9)118(190)168-106(77(22)173)128(200)169-105(76(21)172)123(195)147-63-99(178)150-92(58-68(10)11)129(201)170-54-36-44-94(170)121(193)149-75(20)108(180)158-89(56-66(6)7)117(189)166-104(73(18)25-3)127(199)162-93(64-171)120(192)159-91(59-78-61-145-80-38-27-26-37-79(78)80)119(191)167-103(72(17)24-2)126(198)157-83(40-29-32-50-133)111(183)154-85(42-34-52-143-130(139)140)112(184)152-82(39-28-31-49-132)110(182)153-86(43-35-53-144-131(141)142)113(185)156-87(46-48-96(137)175)114(186)151-81(107(138)179)45-47-95(136)174/h26-27,37-38,61,65-77,81-94,100-106,145,171-173H,23-25,28-36,39-60,62-64,132-135H2,1-22H3,(H2,136,174)(H2,137,175)(H2,138,179)(H,146,194)(H,147,195)(H,148,177)(H,149,193)(H,150,178)(H,151,186)(H,152,184)(H,153,182)(H,154,183)(H,155,188)(H,156,185)(H,157,198)(H,158,180)(H,159,192)(H,160,196)(H,161,197)(H,162,199)(H,163,176)(H,164,181)(H,165,187)(H,166,189)(H,167,191)(H,168,190)(H,169,200)(H4,139,140,143)(H4,141,142,144)/t71-,72-,73-,74-,75-,76+,77+,81-,82-,83-,84-,85-,86-,87-,88-,89-,90-,91-,92-,93-,94-,100-,101-,102-,103-,104-,105-,106-/m0/s1

InChI key

VDXZNPDIRNWWCW-JFTDCZMZSA-N

基因信息

human ... ATP1A1(476) , CALM1(801)
mouse ... ATP1A1(11928) , CALM1(12313)
rat ... ATP1A1(24211) , CALM1(24242)

Amino Acid Sequence

Gly-Ile-Gly-Ala-Val-Leu-Lys-Val-Leu-Thr-Thr-Gly-Leu-Pro-Ala-Leu-Ile-Ser-Trp-Ile-Lys-Arg-Lys-Arg-Gln-Gln-NH2

一般描述

Melittin is hydrophobic in nature except for a region with Lys-Arg-Lys-Arg sequence near C-terminal end. This structural characteristic makes melittin a highly surface-active and a powerful, direct hemolytic agent.The encoed protein contains 26 amino acids. Monomeric form of melittin has a molecular weight of 2,840Da and tetrameric form has molecular weight of approximately 12,500Da.

应用

Melittin has been used in standard bacterium-killing assay to determine bactericidal activity and study the role of melittin in allergic reactions.

生化/生理作用

Melittin acts as an anti-coagulating protein by increasing the time of blood clotting in vitro. Melittin inhibits the activity of S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and plays a vital role in Epilepsy treatment. Melittin retard cathepsin S-induced invasion, proliferation and angiogenesis via inhibition of the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) /VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2)/ mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MEK1)/ extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway in human MHCC97-H cells (liver cancer cells). Melittin has therapeutic application in various inflammatory diseases such as skin inflammation, neuroinflammation, atherosclerosis, arthritis and liver inflammation. Accumulated melittin degrades phospholipid packing in the cell membrane and causes cell lysis and cell death.
Binds calmodulin in a Ca2+-dependent manner; inhibits Na+-K+-ATPase.

其他说明

The principle hemolytic component of honeybee venom.
Lyophilized from 0.1% TFA in H2O

象形图

Skull and crossbones
GHS06

警示用语：

Danger

危险声明

H301 + H311

危险分类

Acute Tox. 3 Dermal - Acute Tox. 3 Oral

WGK

WGK 3

闪点(°F)

Not applicable

闪点(°C)

Not applicable

个人防护装备

Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

法规信息

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Mohammed Ghalib Enayathullah et al.
Scientific reports, 12(1), 3446-3446 (2022-03-04)
The COVID19 pandemic has led to multipronged approaches for treatment of the disease. Since de novo discovery of drugs is time consuming, repurposing of molecules is now considered as one of the alternative strategies to treat COVID19. Antibacterial peptides are
Application of bee venom and its main constituent melittin for cancer treatment.
Application of bee venom and its main constituent melittin for cancer treatment.
Liu CC
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 78(6), 1113-1130 (2016)
Alexey I Kuzmenkov et al.
Frontiers in pharmacology, 13, 977440-977440 (2022-10-04)
Apamin is often cited as one of the few substances selectively acting on small-conductance Ca2+-activated potassium channels (KCa2). However, published pharmacological and structural data remain controversial. Here, we investigated the molecular pharmacology of apamin by two-electrode voltage-clamp in Xenopus laevis
Cong Duc Nguyen et al.
Drug delivery, 29(1), 2855-2867 (2022-09-07)
Much research has shown Bee venom to be an effective neuroprotective agent. However, the usual transdermal injection of bee venom poses many pharmacokinetic disadvantages. Here, we compared the administration of bee venom via subcutaneous injection (SC) and via Microneedle patch
Honey Bee Venom (Apis mellifera) Contains Anticoagulation Factors and Increases the Blood-clotting Time.
Zolfagharian H
Journal of pharmacopuncture, 18(4), 7-11 (2015)
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