一般描述
MPTP可引起炎症、兴奋性毒性、线粒体凋亡、包涵体形成，还引起氧化应激，继而导致纹状体和黑质中的多巴胺能神经元损伤。在多巴胺能神经元中，MPTP抑制线粒体复合物I，导致线粒体功能障碍。
应用
1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶盐酸盐已被用于诱导动物模型中的帕金森病：
- 研究二十二碳六烯酸对神经系统中爱帕琳肽分布的作用
- 研究与神经化学缺陷相关的行为障碍
- 研究跑步机运动对神经保护和神经发炎的作用
MPTP可用于研究其对小胶质细胞先天性免疫记忆的影响。还可用于研究苯丙酸酰胺(phenylpropionamides)在帕金森病小鼠模型中的保护作用。
生化/生理作用
1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶(MPTP)是一种哌啶衍生物和多巴胺能神经毒素，可用于神经学研究。MPTP可代谢为1-甲基-4-苯基吡啶(MPP+)，使体内产生游离自由基，导致氧化应激。因此通常视MPP+为MPTP的活性代谢产物。MPTP常用于构建帕金森症(Parkinsonism)的体内研究模型。文献综述表明，MPTP可用于各种神经退行性疾病的程序性细胞死亡研究。
多巴胺能神经毒素。
警告
据报道可在人和猴中导致严重且不可逆转的帕金森症状。
警示用语：
Danger
危险声明
危险分类
Acute Tox. 3 Oral - STOT SE 1
靶器官
Nervous system
WGK
WGK 3
Yi-Kai Jiang et al.
Fitoterapia, 175, 105883-105883 (2024-03-09)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world. As one of the major degradation pathways, autophagy plays a pivotal role in maintaining the effective turnover of proteins and damaged organelles in cells. Lewy bodies composed
Musa Mustapha et al.
Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences, 21(4), 422-433 (2020-12-29)
Among the popular animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD) commonly used in research are those that employ neurotoxins, especially 1-methyl- 4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). This neurotoxin exerts it neurotoxicity by causing a barrage of insults, such as oxidative stress
Hypoxia inducible factor-1? regulates microglial innate immune memory and the pathology of Parkinson?s disease
Dong, et al.
Journal of Neuroinflammation (2024)
Isoquinuclidines: a review of chemical and pharmacological properties
Khan MOF, et al.
Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, 34, 753-787 (2008)
Ibrahim Kaya et al.
NPJ Parkinson's disease, 9(1), 118-118 (2023-07-27)
Metabolism of MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) to the neurotoxin MPP+ in the brain causes permanent Parkinson's disease-like symptoms by destroying dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra in humans and non-human primates. However, the complete molecular pathology underlying MPTP-induced
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