生物来源
Salmonella enterica (serotype minnesota)
质量水平
形式
lyophilized powder
纯化方式
phenol extraction
杂质
<3% Protein (Lowry)
溶解性
water: soluble
储存温度
2-8°C
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一般描述
脂多糖（LPS）是由大肠埃希菌和肠沙门氏菌等肠杆菌引起的热原元素。它是含有多糖和脂质物质的两亲性成分。LPS存在于几乎所有革兰氏阴性细菌的细胞壁外膜中。
脂多糖（LPS）是革兰氏阴性菌细胞壁的特征性成分。LPS及其脂质A部分可通过Toll样受体4（TLR4）刺激先天免疫系统细胞，TLR4是Toll样受体蛋白家族的成员，它能识别常见的病原体相关分子模式（PAMP）。
应用
来自明尼苏达州血清型肠沙门氏菌的脂多糖已用于：
- 作为在体内诱导cereblon和Rabex-5缺陷小鼠产生肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）α的Toll样受体（TLR）激动剂，
- 研究其对单核细胞衍生的巨噬细胞中前列腺素E合酶（PTGES）蛋白表达的影响
- 作为单核细胞衍生的树突状细胞（MoDCs）成熟的阳性对照，以评估白介素10和干扰素（IFN）γ的分泌
- 罗斯威尔公园纪念研究所（RPMI）培养基的补充，用于培养脾脏B细胞
- 作为Toll样受体4配体，以研究其对H292细胞中前变应性细胞因子胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素（TSLP）和白介素33（IL33）表达的影响（肺粘液表皮样癌细胞）
生化/生理作用
脂多糖（LPS）作为细胞表面周围的渗透阻隔，可限制抗生素和胆盐等有毒分子的进入。由于它们的外部位置，该内毒素还通过调节宿主免疫应答在宿主-细菌相互作用中起着至关重要的作用。LPS是一种微生物相关分子模式（MAMP），可作为Toll样受体4（TLR4）-MD2-CD14受体复合物的有效激动剂。
警示用语：
Danger
危险声明
危险分类
Acute Tox. 2 Oral
WGK
WGK 3
闪点(°F)
Not applicable
闪点(°C)
Not applicable
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