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生物来源
animal (Hirudo medicinalis)
质量水平
100
200
形式
lyophilized powder
比活
≥1,500 ATU/mg protein (ATU = antithrombin units)
分子量
7 kDa
溶解性
pyridine: soluble
water: soluble
储存温度
2-8°C
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一般描述
水蛭素是一种 7kDa 大小的酸性蛋白，含有 65 个氨基酸残基，等电点为 3.5-4.0。它未被糖基化，不含色氨酸、精氨酸和甲硫氨酸残基。在 pH 2-12 和高达 80°C 的温度下化学性质稳定。
生化/生理作用
The anticoagulant, hirudin, is the most potent natural inhibitor of both soluble and clot-bound thrombin. It forms a high-affinity 1:1 complex with thrombin, occluding both the proteolytic site and exosite I (fibrinogen and PAR recognition site). Hirudin blocks thrombus growth and platelet activation, and has been suggested as the clinically preferred anticoagulant (over heparin and citrate) for its specific mode of action and absence of side effects. It is not metabolized in the bloodstream of humans and is eliminated unchanged via kidney filtration.
单位定义
One unit (ATU) will neutralize one NIH unit of thrombin at 37 °C, based on direct comparison to an NIH thrombin reference standard.
分析说明
Protein determined by Lowry.
WGK
WGK 3
闪点(°F)
Not applicable
闪点(°C)
Not applicable
个人防护装备
Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)
法规信息
监管及禁止进口产品
Hanif Khan et al.
Chemical biology & drug design, 89(1), 67-73 (2016-08-03)
Hirudin is clinically an important drug used for the treatment of cardiac diseases, but has never been elucidated for antileishmanial potential. This study was designed to determine the therapeutic utility of hirudin against leishmaniasis. Binding affinities of 28 potent proteinase
Sarah E Sartain et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 196(2), 832-845 (2015-12-18)
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy with severe renal injury secondary to an overactive alternative complement pathway (AP). aHUS episodes are often initiated or recur during inflammation. We investigated gene expression of the surface complement regulatory proteins
Mengzhou Xue et al.
Brain : a journal of neurology, 132(Pt 1), 26-36 (2008-09-06)
Proteases such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and thrombin are implicated in intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) but their interactions amongst one another and interdependency remain to be defined. The latter is important since proteases acting through different mechanisms to inflict neurotoxicity would
Alexandra Vasilyeva et al.
Biomolecules, 10(6) (2020-06-21)
The blood coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) plays a critical role in supporting coagulation and fibrinolysis due to both the covalent crosslinking of fibrin polymers, rendering them resistant to plasmin lysis, and the crosslinking of fibrin to proteins of the fibrinolytic
Yaoming Wang et al.
Stroke, 40(5), 1864-1869 (2008-12-06)
Activated protein C (APC), a protease with anticoagulant and cytoprotective activities, protects neurons and endothelium from ischemic injury. Drotrecogin-alfa activated, a hyperanticoagulant form of human recombinant APC, is currently being studied in patients with ischemic stroke. How changes in APC
实验方案
Thrombin is an endolytic serine protease that selectively cleaves the Arg–Gly bonds of fibrinogen to form fibrin and release fibrinopeptides A and B.
凝血酶是一种内溶性丝氨酸蛋白酶，可选择性裂解纤维蛋白原的精氨酸-甘氨酸键，从而形成纤维蛋白并释放纤维蛋白肽A和B。
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