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安全信息

C2867

Sigma-Aldrich

细胞色素 C 来源于马心脏

BioUltra, ≥99% (SDS-PAGE), powder, suitable for mammalian cell culture

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别名:
CYC, CytC, Cytochrome c 来源于马心脏
CAS号:
9007-43-6
EC 号:
232-700-9
MDL编号:
MFCD00130890
UNSPSC代码:
12352202
NACRES:
NA.25

生物来源

horse heart

质量水平

300

产品线

BioUltra

检测方案

≥99% (SDS-PAGE)

形式

powder

分子量

12,384

储存条件

(Tightly closed Dry)

技术

cell culture | mammalian: suitable

溶解性

water: 10 mg/mL, dark red-brown

UniProt登记号

P00004

储存温度

−20°C

基因信息

horse ... CYCS(100053958)

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相关类别

一般描述

细胞色素C(Cyt C)是一种核DNA编码蛋白。它来源于它的前体脱血红素细胞色素 c，并可以穿过线粒体外膜。

研究领域：细胞凋亡

应用

来自马心脏的细胞色素c已被用于制备合成和标定生物素化细胞色素 c的储备溶液。 它还被用作反应缓冲液的成分，该缓冲液可用于染色电子传输链（ETC）复合物IV及用蓝色非变性凝胶电泳确定该复合物活性。
马的细胞色素c经过H2O2和UV 处理后的特异性位点和氧化程度已经过表征。研究表明这些位点可能可用作细胞内氧化环境的生物标记。

生化/生理作用

细胞色素 C（Cyt C）通过激活半胱天冬酶 3（一种死亡蛋白酶），充当细胞凋亡的有效信号分子。它在血红素结合中发挥作用，有细胞色素 c血红素裂解酶的帮助加速了细胞色素 c释放到线粒体膜间隙中。Cyt C还通过与心磷脂相互作用表现出脂质结合的能力，心磷脂是一种磷脂，可启动蛋白质展开并激活Cyt C中的过氧化物酶功能。
细胞色素c的主要身份是电子载体线粒体蛋白。在细胞内，细胞色素c能够在二价铁和三价铁之间转化，使得它称为了有效的生物电子载体，在动植物细胞内氧化中起到很重要的作用。它通常被视作呼吸作用催化剂，在呼吸底物和氧气之间形成必需的电子桥

制备说明

C2506 的进一步纯化
采用 TCA 制备。

其他说明

想要了解更多细胞色素c和电子传递的信息，请访问www.sigma-aldrich.com/enzymeexplorer.

WGK

WGK 3

闪点(°F)

Not applicable

闪点(°C)

Not applicable

个人防护装备

Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)

法规信息

动植物源性产品

分析证书(COA)

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  1. Which document(s) contains shelf-life or expiration date information for a given product?

    If available for a given product, the recommended re-test date or the expiration date can be found on the Certificate of Analysis.

  2. How do I get lot-specific information or a Certificate of Analysis?

    The lot specific COA document can be found by entering the lot number above under the "Documents" section.

  3. How do I find price and availability?

    There are several ways to find pricing and availability for our products. Once you log onto our website, you will find the price and availability displayed on the product detail page. You can contact any of our Customer Sales and Service offices to receive a quote.  USA customers:  1-800-325-3010 or view local office numbers.

  4. What is the Department of Transportation shipping information for this product?

    Transportation information can be found in Section 14 of the product's (M)SDS.To access the shipping information for this material, use the link on the product detail page for the product. 

  5. I see that you list several horse heart cytochrome c products. What are the differences, and which one should I choose?

    Product No. C2506 is prepared with trichloroacetic acid (TCA), whereas C7752 is prepared with the milder acetic acid. The TCA method may reduce the amount of superoxide dismutase (SOD) present, but tends to cause dimerization or acid-modified structures of cytochrome c. In contrast, acetic acid preparations may have slightly higher amounts of SOD, but a lower proportion of dimeric cytochrome c. So C2506 would be recommended for enzyme activity studies that require low SOD, whereas C7752 is recommended for structural studies or binding studies, or for enzyme activity studies where possible SOD contamination is not a problem. Product No. C2867 is prepared from C2506; it is a BioUtra grade product, greater than or equal to 99% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE. It is recommended when an ultra-high purity is required.  Product No. C3256 is also prepared from C7752; it is isolated by ion-exchange chromatography. This fraction shows a high rate of ascorbic acid oxidation, but low activity in a cytochrome oxidase system.  Product No. C7150 is also prepared from C7752; it is suitable for use as a gel filtration molecular weight marker.

  6. How do I determine how much of Product C2867, Cytochrome c, is in the oxidized form, and how much is reduced?

    This is determined by a spectral assay. The detailed assay procedure (operating procedure #11252) may be requested from Sigma St. Louis Technical Service (techserv@sial.com).

  7. Is Product C2867, Cytochrome c, predominantly in the oxidized form or the reduced form?

    This product is predominantly (>95%) in the oxidized form.

  8. How should I store solutions of Product C2867, Cytochrome c?

    Our general recommendations are as follows:  Store at -20 °C (freezer) for up to six months. Store at 2-8 °C (refrigerator) for up to two weeks. Store at 20-25 °C (room temperature) for up to three days. According to J. Biol. Chem, 237, 2161-2174 (1962), cytochrome c is stable to boiling, and over an unusually wide range of pH values. However, it denatures readily at extreme pH (low or high), and in high concentrations of organic solvents, such as ethanol or acetone.

  9. My question is not addressed here, how can I contact Technical Service for assistance?

    Ask a Scientist here.

Yuning Hong et al.
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 134(45), 18713-18723 (2012-10-17)
Interactions of cytochrome c (cyt c) with cardiolipin (CL) partially unfold the protein, activating its peroxidase function, a critical event in the execution of apoptosis. However, structural features of the altered protein species in the heterogeneous ensemble are difficult to
Bradford G Hill et al.
Free radical biology & medicine, 47(6), 675-683 (2009-06-17)
Protein thiol modifications occur under both physiological and pathological conditions and have been shown to contribute to changes in protein structure, function, and redox signaling. The majority of protein thiol modifications occur on cysteine residues that have a low pK(a);
Nadia Bertola et al.
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 12(5) (2023-05-27)
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disease characterized by a dysfunctional DNA repair and an oxidative stress accumulation due to defective mitochondrial energy metabolism, not counteracted by endogenous antioxidant defenses, which appear down-expressed compared to the control. Since the
Han Xie et al.
Redox biology, 53, 102340-102340 (2022-05-25)
Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are possibly induced by the crosstalk between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticula, which is physiologically important in apoptosis. Cytochrome c (Cyt c) is believed to play a crucial role in such signaling pathway by interrupting
Cytochrome c: can't live with it--can't live without it.
J C Reed
Cell, 91(5), 559-562 (1997-12-11)
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