ω-Conotoxin GVIA, Conus geographus

A neurotoxin that acts as an antagonist of voltage-activated N-type Ca²⁺ channels and of neurotransmitter release at neuronal synapses. Its antagonistic activity is attributed to a tyrosine residue at position 13. Does not bind to dihydropyridine- or verapamil-binding sites. Also reported to inhibit ATP-induced inward currents mediated by P2X2/X3 receptors (IC₅₀ = 21.2 nM for P2X3 and 3.84 µM for P2X2/X3 heterooligomeric receptors).

Primary Target
Voltage-activated N-type Ca2+ channels

Target IC₅₀: 21.2 nM for P2X3 and 3.84 µM for P2X2/X3 heterooligomeric receptors

Toxicity: Highly Toxic (H)

H-Cys¹-Lys-Ser-Hyp-Gly-Ser-Ser-Cys⁸-Ser-Hyp-Thr-Ser-Tyr-Asn-Cys¹⁵-Cys¹⁶-Arg-Ser-Cys¹⁹-Asn-Hyp-Tyr-Thr-Lys-Arg-Cys²⁶-Tyr-NH₂ (disulfide bonds: 1 → 16; 8 → 19; 15 → 26)

Following reconstitution, aliquot and freeze (-20°C). Stock solutions are stable for up to 6 months at -20°C.

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