γ-Globulins from human blood

γ-Globulins are immunoglobulins and occur in five classes, namely: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE.[1] These are glycoproteins that are antibodies produced by plasma cells.[2] The immunoglobulins are heterogeneous molecules made up of four polypeptide chains (two light chains and two heavy chains) linked together by disulfide bonds.[3] The antigen-binding site is present at the nitrogen terminal.[3] 20% of the protein in plasma are immunoglobulins.[2]

γ-Globulins from human blood have been used for the blocking step in cytometric bead array[4] It has also been used as a standard for γ-globulin measurement in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).[5]

γ-globulins were used to study a micro-method for measuring total protein in cerebrospinal fluid by using benzethonium chloride in microtiter plate wells.[6] It was used in the measurement of protein in tannin-protein precipitates using ninhydrin. It was also used to study the blood distribution of levocetirizine, a new non-sedating histamine H1-receptor antagonist, in humans. [7]

Immunoglobulins are key regulators of the immune system and are produced in response to antigens. They protect our bodies against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Immunoglobulins are involved in the activation of the complement system, opsonization of microbes for phagocytosis, neutralization of toxins and viruses, and inhibition of the attachment of microbes to mucosal surfaces. Immunodeficiency can lead to recurrent infectious diseases.[2]

Prepared from Cohn Fraction II, III

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