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G7384

Sigma-Aldrich

Gallic acid

97.5-102.5% (titration)

Synonym(s):

3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid

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About This Item

Linear Formula:
(HO)3C6H2CO2H
CAS Number:
149-91-7
Molecular Weight:
170.12
Beilstein:
2050274
EC Number:
205-749-9
MDL number:
MFCD00002510
UNSPSC Code:
12352205
PubChem Substance ID:
24895304
NACRES:
NA.25

biological source

plant fruit

Quality Level

200

Assay

97.5-102.5% (titration)

form

powder

technique(s)

HPLC: suitable

color

white to beige

mp

251 °C (dec.) (lit.)

solubility

ethanol: 50 mg/mL, clear to slightly hazy, colorless to faintly yellow

suitability

suitable for UV spectrophotometry and general use
suitable for absorption spectrum analysis

application(s)

agriculture
metabolomics
microbiology
vitamins, nutraceuticals, and natural products
vitamins, nutraceuticals, and natural products

SMILES string

OC(=O)c1cc(O)c(O)c(O)c1

InChI

1S/C7H6O5/c8-4-1-3(7(11)12)2-5(9)6(4)10/h1-2,8-10H,(H,11,12)

InChI key

LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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General description

Gallic acid, also known as 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, is a natural polyhydroxyphenolic compound commonly found in many fruits and plants, including grapes, tea, and oak bark, either in the free acid form or esterified as gallotannins and ellagitannins. Existing research suggests that this plant-derived metabolite is an astringent, a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and histone acetyltransferase inhibitor, and an apoptosis inducer with various biological activities. These activities include antioxidant, antifungal, gastroprotective, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-tyrosinase, and anticancer effects.

Application

Gallic acid has been used:
  • as a standard for the quantification of extractable phenolics by external calibration
  • as a standard to determine the total tannin content of oak root powder using the Folin-Ciocalteu method
  • as a phenolic acid to study it′s in vitro antiviral, antibacterial, cytotoxicity and antifungal activities

Gallic acid is a natural product derived from plant source that finds application in compound screening libraries, metabolomics, phytochemical and biochemical research.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Gallic acid is a water soluble phenolic acid present in grapes and in the leaves of many plants. Gallic acid esters, such as tannins, catechin gallates and aliphatic gallates are potent antioxidants in vitro. However, gallic acid itself also appears to have antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and antiangiogenic activity in vitro.

Features and Benefits

  • High quality compound suitable for multiple research applications
  • Compatible with HPLC and mass spectrometry techniques

Other Notes

For additional information on our range of Biochemicals, please complete this form.

Pictograms

Exclamation mark
GHS07

Signal Word

Warning

Hazard Statements

H315,H319,H335

Precautionary Statements

P302 + P352 - P305 + P351 + P338

Hazard Classifications

Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT SE 3

Target Organs

Respiratory system

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 1

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Robyn E Goacher et al.
Physiologia plantarum, 164(1), 5-16 (2017-12-30)
The modification and degradation of lignin play a vital role in carbon cycling as well as production of biofuels and bioproducts. The possibility of using bacterial laccases for the oxidation of lignin offers a route to utilize existing industrial protein
José Agustín Tapia-Hernández et al.
Journal of food science, 84(4), 818-831 (2019-02-26)
Currently, electrospraying is a novel process for obtaining the nanoparticles from biopolymers. Zein nanoparticles have been obtained by this method and used to protect both hydrophilic and hydrophobic antioxidant molecules from environmental factors. The objective of this work was to
Varittha Sritalahareuthai et al.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 9(9) (2020-09-06)
Kadsura spp. in the Schisandraceae family are woody vine plants, which produce edible red fruits that are rich in nutrients and antioxidant activities. Despite their valuable food applications, Kadsura spp. are only able to grow naturally in the forest, and
Luis Varela-Rodríguez et al.
BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 20(1), 110-110 (2020-04-12)
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of mortality among malignant gynecological tumors. Surgical resection and chemotherapy with intravenous platinum/taxanes drugs are the treatments of choice, with little effectiveness in later stages and severe toxicological effects. Therefore, this study aimed to
S Shahrzad et al.
The Journal of nutrition, 131(4), 1207-1210 (2001-04-04)
Gallic acid (GA), a food component that is especially abundant in tea, is an antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory agent. We conducted a study using acidum gallicum tablets that contained 10% GA and 90% glucose and a black tea brew that
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