Transforming Growth Factor-β2 from porcine platelets

TGF-β2 (transforming growth factor-β2) belongs to the TGF-β superfamily and the gene is mapped to pig (Sus scrofa) chromosome 10p16.

TGF-β2 is responsible for maintaining immune homeostasis. TGF-β2 promotes cellular growth, differentiation and survival. TGF-β2 controls lymphocyte proliferation, apoptosis, hematopoiesis, and embryogenesis. TGF-β2 is a tumor suppress or in the early stages of carcinogenesis, but in the later stages acts as a tumor promoter by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stimulating angiogenesis. TGF-β2 prevents NK (natural killer) cells growth as well as B and T cell proliferation. TGF-β2 also greatly inhibits the growth of both normal and transformed epithelial. The growth of lymphoid, fibroblast and keratinocyte cells are also known to be hinder by TGF-β2. TGF-β2 controls intestinal homeostasis by functioning in synergy with the bacterial lipopolysaccharide and thereby maintain interleukin-8.

TGF-β2, like TGF-β1, is produced by many cell types and reported to be most concentrated in mammalian platelets.

TGF-β2 belongs to the TGF-β superfamily. TGF-β2 is important for immune homeostasis by balancing lymphocyte proliferation, apoptosis, hematopoiesis, and embryogenesis. TGF-β2 is crucial in cell growth, differentiation, and survival. TGF-β2 is a strong growth inhibitor for normal and transformed epithelial, lymphoid, fibroblast, and keratinocyte cells. TGF-β2 is a tumor suppress or in the early stages of carcinogenesis, but in the later stages acts as a tumor promoter by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stimulating angiogenesis. TGF-β2 inhibits NK cells growth as well as B and T cell proliferation.

TGF-β2, like TGF-β1, is produced by many cell types and reported to be most concentrated in mammalian platelets.

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in 25% acetonitrile and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid containing 0.05 mg bovine serum albumin.

The biological activity is measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of mouse HT-2 cells.

The biological activity of porcine TGF-β2 was tested in culture by measuring its ability to inhibit thymidine incorporation in the IL-4 dependent mouse T-helper cell line HT-2. The EC50 is defined as the effective concentration of growth factor that elicits 50% inhibition of cell growth in a cell based bioassay.