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C7150

Sigma-Aldrich

Cytochrome c from equine heart

suitable for GFC marker, BioReagent

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Synonym(s):
Cytochrome c from horse heart
CAS Number:
9007-43-6
EC Number:
232-700-9
MDL number:
MFCD00130890
UNSPSC Code:
23151817
NACRES:
NA.56

product line

BioReagent

Quality Level

100

form

powder

mol wt

~12,400

packaging

vial of ≥10 mg

suitability

suitable for GFC marker

storage temp.

−20°C

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Application

Cytochrome c is primarily known as an electron-carrying mitochondrial protein and is generally regarded as a universal catalyst of respiration. Cytochrome c can be used as a gel filtration molecular weight marker in gel filtration chromatography and protein chromatography and can be used to study cytochrome c control proteins, electron transport and cellular respiration.
The specific sites and extent of oxidation in horse cytochrome c treated with H2O2 and UV were characterized. It was suggested that the state of these sites could be used as a biomarker for the oxidative environment in a cell.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Cytochrome c is primarily known as an electron-carrying mitochondrial protein. The transition of cytochrome c between the ferrous and ferric states within the cell makes it an efficient biological electron-transporter and it plays a vital role in cellular oxidations in both plants and animals. It is generally regarded as a universal catalyst of respiration, forming an essential electron-bridge between the respirable substrates and oxygen

Other Notes

View more information on cytochrome c and electron transport at www.sigma-aldrich.com/enzymeexplorer.

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Regulatory Information

动植物源性产品

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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  1. Which document(s) contains shelf-life or expiration date information for a given product?

    If available for a given product, the recommended re-test date or the expiration date can be found on the Certificate of Analysis.

  2. How do I get lot-specific information or a Certificate of Analysis?

    The lot specific COA document can be found by entering the lot number above under the "Documents" section.

  3. How do I find price and availability?

    There are several ways to find pricing and availability for our products. Once you log onto our website, you will find the price and availability displayed on the product detail page. You can contact any of our Customer Sales and Service offices to receive a quote.  USA customers:  1-800-325-3010 or view local office numbers.

  4. What is the Department of Transportation shipping information for this product?

    Transportation information can be found in Section 14 of the product's (M)SDS.To access the shipping information for this material, use the link on the product detail page for the product. 

  5. I see that you list several horse heart cytochrome c products. What are the differences, and which one should I choose?

    Product No. C2506 is prepared with trichloroacetic acid (TCA), whereas C7752 is prepared with the milder acetic acid. The TCA method may reduce the amount of superoxide dismutase (SOD) present, but tends to cause dimerization or acid-modified structures of cytochrome c. In contrast, acetic acid preparations may have slightly higher amounts of SOD, but a lower proportion of dimeric cytochrome c. So C2506 would be recommended for enzyme activity studies that require low SOD, whereas C7752 is recommended for structural studies or binding studies, or for enzyme activity studies where possible SOD contamination is not a problem. Product No. C2867 is prepared from C2506; it is a BioUtra grade product, greater than or equal to 99% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE. It is recommended when an ultra-high purity is required.  Product No. C3256 is also prepared from C7752; it is isolated by ion-exchange chromatography. This fraction shows a high rate of ascorbic acid oxidation, but low activity in a cytochrome oxidase system.  Product No. C7150 is also prepared from C7752; it is suitable for use as a gel filtration molecular weight marker.

  6. How do I determine how much Product C7150, Cytochrome c, is in the oxidized form, and how much is reduced?

    This is determined by a spectral assay. The detailed assay procedure (operating procedure #11252) may be requested from Sigma St. Louis Technical Service (techserv@sial.com).

  7. Is Product C7150, Cytochrome c, predominantly in the oxidized form or the reduced form?

    This product is not assayed for the percentage oxidized or reduced. However, based on the method of preparation, we would expect it to be predominantly in the oxidized form.

  8. How should I store solutions of Product C7150, Cytochrome c?

    Our general recommendations are as follows:  Store at -20 °C (freezer) for up to six months. Store at 2-8 °C (refrigerator) for up to two weeks. Store at 20-25 °C (room temperature) for up to three days. According to J. Biol. Chem, 237, 2161-2174 (1962), cytochrome c is stable to boiling, and over an unusually wide range of pH values. However, it denatures readily at extreme pH (low or high), and in high concentrations of organic solvents, such as ethanol or acetone.

  9. My question is not addressed here, how can I contact Technical Service for assistance?

    Ask a Scientist here.

Paolo Ascenzi et al.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 415(3), 463-467 (2011-11-08)
Carboxymethylation of equine heart cytochrome c (cytc) changes its tertiary structure by disrupting the heme-Fe-Met80 distal bond, such that carboxymethylated cytc (CM-cytc) displays myoglobin-like properties. Here, the effect of cardiolipin (CL) on peroxynitrite isomerization by ferric CM-cytc (CM-cytc-Fe(III)) is reported.
Shuvasree SenGupta et al.
Frontiers in immunology, 12, 659996-659996 (2021-04-30)
Tumor associated neutrophils (TANs) are frequently detected in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Recent studies also reveal the importance of neutrophils in promoting tumor progression and metastasis during breast cancer. However, the mechanisms regulating neutrophil trafficking to breast tumors are less
Kelly Watters et al.
PLoS pathogens, 14(12), e1007477-e1007477 (2018-12-12)
Viruses in the rhinovirus C species (RV-C) are more likely to cause severe wheezing illnesses and asthma exacerbations in children than related isolates of the RV-A or RV-B. The RV-C capsid is structurally distinct from other rhinoviruses and does not
Shujun Yuan et al.
Biochemistry, 52(13), 2319-2327 (2013-03-26)
Apoptosome assembly is highly regulated in the intrinsic cell death pathway. To better understand this step, we created an improved model of the human apoptosome using a crystal structure of full length Apaf-1 and a single particle, electron density map
M Harjai et al.
Anaesthesia and intensive care, 41(2), 175-183 (2013-03-28)
Sepsis remains as a leading cause of death in critically ill patients. Unfortunately, there have been very few successful specific therapeutic agents that can significantly reduce the attributable mortality and morbidity of sepsis. Developing novel therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes
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