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01890

Sigma-Aldrich

Adenosine

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Synonym(s):
9-β-D-Ribofuranosyladenine, Adenine riboside, Adenine-9-β-D-ribofuranoside
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C10H13N5O4
CAS Number:
58-61-7
Molecular Weight:
267.24
Beilstein:
93029
EC Number:
200-389-9
MDL number:
MFCD00005752
UNSPSC Code:
12352200
eCl@ss:
32160413
PubChem Substance ID:
329747369
NACRES:
NA.77

form

powder

Quality Level

200

optical activity

[α]20/D −70±3°, c = 2% in 5% NaOH

ign. residue

≤0.1% (as SO4)

mp

234-236 °C (lit.)

cation traces

Ca: ≤10 mg/kg
Cd: ≤5 mg/kg
Co: ≤5 mg/kg
Cr: ≤5 mg/kg
Cu: ≤5 mg/kg
Fe: ≤5 mg/kg
Mg: ≤20 mg/kg
Mn: ≤5 mg/kg
Ni: ≤5 mg/kg
Pb: ≤5 mg/kg
Zn: ≤5 mg/kg

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O

InChI

1S/C10H13N5O4/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(18)6(17)4(1-16)19-10/h2-4,6-7,10,16-18H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1

InChI key

OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N

Gene Information

human ... ADORA1(134) , ADORA2A(135) , ADORA2B(136) , ADORA3(140)

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General description

Adenosine is a purine nucleoside base. It consists of adenine bound to a ribose sugar molecule via a glycosidic bond. Adenosine is found intracellularly and extracellularly in living cells. It acts as a precursor and as a metabolite of adenine nucleotides. In all living organisms, adenosine acts as an essential structural factor for adenosinetriphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), thereby playing an important role in energy transfer. Adenosine plays a crucial role in the central nervous system, endocrine system, inflammatory and immune response, and cardiovascular system. It is an important endogenous modulator of kidney function, lung function, pain, and sleep via the activation of adenosine receptors.

Application

Adenosine has been used as a standard to determine the adenosine content in whole heart samples from mice.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Endogenous neurotransmitter at adenosine receptors. Cardioprotective effects may relate to activation of A1 adenosine receptors. The antiplatelet and anti−inflammatory actions of adenosine appear to be mediated via the A2 adenosine receptor. In contrast, adenosine appears to be a pro-inflammatory mediator in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Other Notes

Substrate for the assay of adenosine deaminase

WGK

WGK 2

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

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P. Nygaard
Methods in Enzymology, 508-508 null
Ming Cai et al.
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 51(6), 927-935 (2011-09-24)
Modulation of purinergic signaling is critical to myocardial homeostasis. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (ENTPD-1; CD39) which converts the proinflammatory molecules ATP or ADP to AMP is a key regulator of purinergic modulation. However, the salutary effects of transgenic over expression
Elizabeth A Vecchio et al.
Pharmacology & therapeutics, 198, 20-33 (2019-01-25)
The adenosine A2B receptor (A2BAR) is one of four adenosine receptor subtypes belonging to the Class A family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Until recently, the A2BAR remained poorly characterised, in part due to its relatively low affinity for the
Adenosine deaminase from human erythrocytes.
R P Agarwal et al.
Methods in enzymology, 51, 502-507 (1978-01-01)
Julie R Jin et al.
Frontiers in immunology, 11, 585070-585070 (2020-11-17)
Mast cells are the major effector cells in immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy. The high affinity IgE receptor FcεRI, as well as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the mast cell surface signals to phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) to initiate degranulation, cytokine
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