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216666

Sigma-Aldrich

Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0)

99%

Synonym(s):

Palladium-tetrakis(triphenylphosphine), Pd(PPh3)4

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About This Item

Linear Formula:
Pd[(C6H5)3P]4
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
1155.56
Beilstein:
6704828
EC Number:
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352103
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.22

Quality Level

Assay

99%

form

solid

reaction suitability

core: palladium
reaction type: Cross Couplings
reaction type: Heck Reaction
reaction type: Hiyama Coupling
reaction type: Negishi Coupling
reaction type: Sonogashira Coupling
reaction type: Stille Coupling
reaction type: Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling
reagent type: catalyst
reaction type: Buchwald-Hartwig Cross Coupling Reaction

parameter

air sensitive

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

[Pd].c1ccc(cc1)P(c2ccccc2)c3ccccc3.c4ccc(cc4)P(c5ccccc5)c6ccccc6.c7ccc(cc7)P(c8ccccc8)c9ccccc9.c%10ccc(cc%10)P(c%11ccccc%11)c%12ccccc%12

InChI

1S/4C18H15P.Pd/c4*1-4-10-16(11-5-1)19(17-12-6-2-7-13-17)18-14-8-3-9-15-18;/h4*1-15H;

InChI key

NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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General description

Palladium-tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) (Pd(PPh3)4) iscoordination complex of palladium and is widely used palladium cross-coupling catalyst. These applications include Negishi coupling, Suzuki coupling, Stille coupling, Sonogashira coupling, and Buchwald-Hartwig amination reactions.




Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (Pd(PPh3)4) is a commonly used palladium(0) complex in chemical synthesis. It plays a vital role as a catalyst in various organic reactions, especially C-C, C-N, C-O, and C-heteroatom cross-coupling reactions. Pd(PPh3)4 finds extensive application in carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions such as the famous Heck, Suzuki-Miyaura, and Stille reactions. These reactions involve the coupling of aryl, alkyl, or vinyl halides with other organic compounds to yield valuable products. The catalytic cycle involves the oxidative addition of the organic halide to palladium(0), transmetalation with a suitable organometallic reagent or boronic acid, and reductive elimination to form the desired product. Pd(PPh3)4 has also been utilized in various other transformations including allylic substitutions, nucleophilic additions to alkenes and alkynes, and cycloadditions.

Application

Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) can be used as a catalyst in:



  • Negishi coupling (eq. 1), Suzuki coupling (eq. 2), Stille coupling (eq. 3), Sonogashira coupling reaction (eq. 4), and Buchwald-Hartwig amination reaction (eq. 5)
  • The carbonylation of vinyl iodides (eq. 6)
  • The reduction reaction of aryl bromides (eq. 7)
  • Carbon-tin bond formation (eq. 8)
Triphenyl Phosphine Catalyst

Pictograms

Exclamation mark

Signal Word

Warning

Hazard Statements

Precautionary Statements

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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  1. Which document(s) contains shelf-life or expiration date information for a given product?

    If available for a given product, the recommended re-test date or the expiration date can be found on the Certificate of Analysis.

  2. How do I get lot-specific information or a Certificate of Analysis?

    The lot specific COA document can be found by entering the lot number above under the "Documents" section.

  3. The color of Product 216666, Pd tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)Cl was a yellow or gold color, but now my material has turned a tan, brown, or green color.  Is it still good to use?

    A change in color of the material indicates oxidation and it will no longer be active as a catalyst.

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Milstein, D.; Still, J. K.
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 101, 4992-4992 (1979)
Azizian, H.; Eaborn, C.; Pidcock, A.
Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 215, 49-49 (1981)
Palladium-catalyzed formylation of organic halides with carbon monoxide and tin hydride.
V P Baillargeon et al.
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 108(3), 452-461 (1986-02-01)
Hong-Lei Xu et al.
Nature communications, 11(1), 5286-5286 (2020-10-22)
Sandwich-type clusters with the planar fragment containing a heterometallic sheet have remained elusive. In this work, we introduce the [K(2,2,2-crypt)]4{(Ge9)2[η6-Ge(PdPPh3)3]} complex that contains a heterometallic sandwich fragment. The title compound is structurally characterized by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which
S. Murahashi et al.
Tetrahedron Letters, 29, 2973-2973 (1988)

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