Anti-Twist1 Antibody, clone 4L15 ZooMAb^® Rabbit Monoclonal

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ZooMAb^® antibodies represent an entirely new generation of recombinant monoclonal antibodies.Each ZooMAb^® antibody is manufactured using our proprietary recombinant expression system, purified to homogeneity, and precisely dispensed to produce robust and highly reproducible lot-to-lot consistency. Only top-performing clones are released for use by researchers. Each antibody is validated for high specificity and affinity across multiple applications, including its most commonly used application. ZooMAb^® antibodies are reliably available and ready to ship when you need them.

Clone 4L15 is a ZooMAb^® Rabbit recombinant monoclonal antibody that specifically detects Twist1. It targets an epitope within 20 amino acids from the N-terminal region.

KLH-conjugated linear peptide corresponding to 20 amino acids from the N-terminal region of human Twist1.

Quality Control Testing

Evaluated by Western Blotting in HepG2 cell nuclear extract.

Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution of this antibody detected Twist1 in HepG2 cell nuclear extract..

Tested applications

Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution from a representative lot detected Twist1 in nuclear extracts of HeLa cells and BALB 3T3/A31 cells.

Immunocytochemistry Analysis: A 1:100 dilution from a representative lot detected Twist1 in HeLa cells.

Affinity Binding Assay: A representative lot of this antibody bound Twist1 peptide with a KD of 7.0 x 10-7 in an affinity binding assay.

Note: Actual optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user as specimens, and experimental conditions may vary with the end user

Twist-related protein 1 (UniProt: Q15672; also known as Class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 38, bHLHa38, H-twist) is encoded by the TWIST1 (also known as BHLHA38, TWIST) gene (Gene ID: 7291) in human. TWIST1 is a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain (aa 108-159) containing transcription factor with two nuclear localization sequences (aa 37-40 and 73-77). It can form homodimers or heterodimers in order to bind the Nde E-box element and activate or repress its target genes. It is shown to inhibit myogenesis by sequestrating E proteins. TWIST1 is also reported to represses expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-a and IL-1b. During development, it is shown to be essential for mesoderm specification and differentiation. It promotes EMT in part by directly repressing E-cadherin expression by recruiting the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex for gene repression and by upregulating Bmi1, AKT2, and YB-1. TWIST1 stability is regulated by phosphorylation of serine 68 by MAP kinases (p38, JNK, and ERK1/2). This phosphorylation prevents ubiquitination-mediated degradation of TWIST1. Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations of the human Twist1 gene is shown to cause several diseases including the Saethre-Chotzen syndrome and Robinow-Sorauf syndrome. Twist1-null mouse embryos die with unclosed cranial neural tubes and defective head mesenchyme, somites and limb buds. TWIST1 expression is also observed in many types of aggressive tumors, including breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. It can override oncogene-induced cell senescence and apoptosis and can increase cancer cell resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. This ZooMAb^® recombinant monoclonal antibody, generated by our propriety technology, offers significantly enhanced specificity, affinity, reproducibility, and stability over conventional monoclonals. (Ref.: Qin, Q., et al. (2012). Cell Res. 22(1); 90-106; Hong, J., et al. (2011). Cancer Res. 71(11); 3980-3990).

Purified recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibody IgG, lyophilized in PBS, 5% Trehalose, normal appearance a coarse or translucent resin. The PBS/trehalose components in the ZooMAb formulation can have the appearance of a semi-solid (bead like gel) after lyophilization. This is a normal phenomenon. Please follow the recommended reconstitution procedure in the data sheet to dissolve the semi-solid, bead-like, gel-appearing material. The resulting antibody solution is completely stable and functional as proven by full functional testing. Contains no biocide or preservatives, such as azide, or any animal by-products. Larger pack sizes provided as multiples of 25 μL.

300 μg/mL after reconstitution at 25 μL per vial. Please refer to guidance on suggested starting dilutions and/or titers per application and sample type.

Recommend storage of lyophilized product at 2-8°C; Before reconstitution, micro-centrifuge vials briefly to spin down material to bottom of the vial; Reconstitute each vial by adding 25 μL of filtered lab grade water or PBS; Reconstituted antibodies can be stored at 2-8°C, or -20°C for long term storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaws.

ZooMAb is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.