Monoclonal Anti-MAP Kinase, Activated (Diphosphorylated ERK-1&2) antibody produced in mouse

MAP kinase (MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase is also termed as ERK, extracellular regulated protein kinase). Molecular cloning has established that MAP kinase (ERKs) consists of at least four isoforms: ERK-1 (p44mapk), ERK-2 (p42mapk), ERK-3, and ERK-5. MAP kinase isoforms appear to be widely expressed in the central nervous system, thymus, spleen, heart, lung and kidney. It is also expressed at high levels in PC12 cells and in fibroblasts. MAPK1 is located on human chromosome 22q11. MAPK3 is mapped to human chromosome 16p11.

The antibody reacts specifically with the diphosphorylated form of MAP kinase (ERK-1 and ERK-2). It does not recognize the non-phosphorylated or the monophosphorylated forms of MAP kinase or the diphosphorylated forms of JNK and p38 MAP kinase. The epitope recognized by the antibody contains the phosphorylated threonine and tyrosine residues within the regulatory site of active MAP kinase.

synthetic peptide HTGFLpTEpYVAT corresponding to the phosphorylated form of the ERK-activation loop.

Antibodies that react specifically with the active form of MAP kinase are useful for the study of the specific activation requirements, differential tissue expression, and intracellular localization of the active form of MAP kinase in normal and neoplastic tissue.
Monoclonal Anti-MAP Kinase, Activated (Diphosphorylated ERK-1&2) may be used for the localization of the active, dually-phosphorylated, form of MAP kinase using various immunochemical assays such as immunoblotting of cultured cells and tissue extracts, ELISA, immunocytochemistry, immunoprecipitation, and in immunohistochemistry (formalin and formaldehyde-fixed sections). Reactivity has been observed with human, bovine, rat, mouse, Drosophila, Spodoptera frugiperda, and yeast.

Monoclonal Anti-MAP Kinase, activated (Diphosphorylated ERK-1&2) antibody has been used in plasmid and transient transfection and western blotting.

MAP kinase (MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase) plays a crucial role in various signal transduction pathways leading signals of growth factor, as well as G protein-coupled receptors to their intracellular targets. MAP kinase was shown to regulate several cellular processes among them proliferation, differentiation, cellular morphology and oncogenesis. Activation of ERK-1 and ERK-2 in mitogen-stimulated cells is directly mediated by MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK or MEK), a dual-specificity protein kinase, which phosphorylates both threonine and tyrosine residues in the regulatory sites of MAP kinase. Following activation, MAP kinase phosphorylates several nuclear targets, including transcription factors as well as membrane and cytoskeletal proteins. Termination of MAP kinase signalling appears to be mediated by MAP kinase phosphatase, MKP-1, a dual specificity Thr/Tyr phosphatase which dephosphorylates and inactivates MAP kinase.

The product is provided as ascites fluid containing 15 mM sodium azide as a preservative.

Store at 2-8 °C for up to one month. For extended storage, the solution may be frozen in working aliquots. Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Storage in "frost-free" freezers is not recommended. If slight turbidity occurs upon prolonged storage, clarify the solution by centrifugation before use.

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