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L9647

Sigma-Aldrich

Limonin

from citrus seeds, >90% (HPLC)

Synonym(s):

Citrolimonin, Dictamnolactone, Evodin, Limonoic acid 3,19:16,17 dilactone, Obaculactone

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C26H30O8
CAS Number:
1180-71-8
Molecular Weight:
470.51
MDL number:
MFCD00075922
UNSPSC Code:
12352205
PubChem Substance ID:
24896458
NACRES:
NA.25

biological source

citrus seeds

Quality Level

200

Assay

>90% (HPLC)

form

powder

application(s)

metabolomics
vitamins, nutraceuticals, and natural products

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

CC1(C)O[C@H]2CC(=O)OC[C@]23[C@H]4CC[C@@]5(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)[C@H]6O[C@@]56[C@]4(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]13)c7ccoc7

InChI

1S/C26H30O8/c1-22(2)15-9-16(27)24(4)14(25(15)12-31-18(28)10-17(25)33-22)5-7-23(3)19(13-6-8-30-11-13)32-21(29)20-26(23,24)34-20/h6,8,11,14-15,17,19-20H,5,7,9-10,12H2,1-4H3/t14-,15-,17-,19-,20+,23-,24-,25+,26+/m0/s1

InChI key

KBDSLGBFQAGHBE-MSGMIQHVSA-N

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General description

Limonin also known as citrolimonin and evodin, is a secondary plant metabolite present in citrus seeds at high concentrations. It is a derivative of limonoids.
Limonin may be used in assays to quantify limonin in citrus products. It may also be used in other assays as a control, standard, or competitor or in studies on the physiology, metabolism, and biosynthesis of limonin.

Application

Limonin has been used:
  • to treat human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to test its effect on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication
  • to test its effects as an anti-osteoporosis agent in osteoblastogenesis activity in MC3T3-E1 cells and ovariectomized (OVX) rat model
  • as a reference standard in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system

Biochem/physiol Actions

Limonin exerts its anti-inflammatory activity by downregulating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/ microRNA-214 (STAT3/miR-214) signaling pathway in Ulcerative colitis (UC) condition. It is an anti-carcinogenic agent, involved in the down-regulation Wingless-related integration site (Wnt) signaling pathway component in in vitro studies.
Limonin is a triterpenoid aglycone that is a bitter principle of citrus fruits. It has anti-proliferative, proapoptotic activity on several cancer cell lines and inhibits azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in rats. It also inhibits HIV-1 replication in culturedf monocytes, macrophages, and mononuclear cells, perhaps by inhibition of HIV-1 protease activity.

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number
0000389395
0000371475
0000306210
0000306210
0000299743

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Kotamballi N Chidambara Murthy et al.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 59(6), 2314-2323 (2011-02-23)
The current study was an attempt to elucidate the mechanism of human colon cancer cell proliferation inhibition by limonin and limonin glucoside (LG) isolated from seeds of Citrus reticulata. The structures of purified compounds were confirmed by NMR and quantified
K Langeswaran et al.
Journal of natural science, biology, and medicine, 4(1), 126-133 (2013-05-02)
The role of limonin as potent anti carcinogenic, apoptosis and chemotherapeutic agents has been supported by limited studies. In this study, limonin is identified as a potent anti proliferative agent against human hepatoma HepG2 cells based on the cell viability
Wooki Kim et al.
The Journal of nutrition, 139(5), 1042-1048 (2009-03-27)
Phytochemicals may reduce chronic inflammation and cancer risk in part by modulating T-cell nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation. Therefore, we examined the effects of curcumin (Cur) and limonin (Lim) feeding on NF-kappaB-dependent CD4(+) T-cell proliferation. DO11.10 transgenic mice (n = 5-7)
Mahmoud Zaki El-Readi et al.
European journal of pharmacology, 626(2-3), 139-145 (2009-09-29)
P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a membrane transporter encoded by the MDR1 gene in human cells, mediates drug efflux from cells and plays a major role in causing multidrug resistance; which is one of the most accepted mechanisms for failure of chemotherapy in
Jose Luis Perez et al.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 57(12), 5279-5286 (2009-06-02)
Previous studies have indicated the chemopreventive potential of citrus limonoids due to the induction of phase II detoxifying enzymes. In the present study, three citrus limonoids were purified and identified from sour orange seeds as limonin, limonin glucoside (LG), and
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