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L9647

Sigma-Aldrich

Limonin

from citrus seeds, >90% (HPLC)

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Synonym(s):
Citrolimonin, Dictamnolactone, Evodin, Limonoic acid 3,19:16,17 dilactone, Obaculactone
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C26H30O8
CAS Number:
1180-71-8
Molecular Weight:
470.51
MDL number:
MFCD00075922
UNSPSC Code:
12352205
PubChem Substance ID:
24896458
NACRES:
NA.25

biological source

citrus seeds

Quality Level

200

Assay

>90% (HPLC)

form

powder

application(s)

metabolomics
vitamins, nutraceuticals, and natural products

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

CC1(C)O[C@H]2CC(=O)OC[C@]23[C@H]4CC[C@@]5(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)[C@H]6O[C@@]56[C@]4(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]13)c7ccoc7

InChI

1S/C26H30O8/c1-22(2)15-9-16(27)24(4)14(25(15)12-31-18(28)10-17(25)33-22)5-7-23(3)19(13-6-8-30-11-13)32-21(29)20-26(23,24)34-20/h6,8,11,14-15,17,19-20H,5,7,9-10,12H2,1-4H3/t14-,15-,17-,19-,20+,23-,24-,25+,26+/m0/s1

InChI key

KBDSLGBFQAGHBE-MSGMIQHVSA-N

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General description

Limonin also known as citrolimonin and evodin, is a secondary plant metabolite present in citrus seeds at high concentrations. It is a derivative of limonoids.
Limonin may be used in assays to quantify limonin in citrus products. It may also be used in other assays as a control, standard, or competitor or in studies on the physiology, metabolism, and biosynthesis of limonin.

Application

Limonin has been used:
  • to treat human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to test its effect on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication
  • to test its effects as an anti-osteoporosis agent in osteoblastogenesis activity in MC3T3-E1 cells and ovariectomized (OVX) rat model
  • as a reference standard in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system

Biochem/physiol Actions

Limonin exerts its anti-inflammatory activity by downregulating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/ microRNA-214 (STAT3/miR-214) signaling pathway in Ulcerative colitis (UC) condition. It is an anti-carcinogenic agent, involved in the down-regulation Wingless-related integration site (Wnt) signaling pathway component in in vitro studies.
Limonin is a triterpenoid aglycone that is a bitter principle of citrus fruits. It has anti-proliferative, proapoptotic activity on several cancer cell lines and inhibits azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in rats. It also inhibits HIV-1 replication in culturedf monocytes, macrophages, and mononuclear cells, perhaps by inhibition of HIV-1 protease activity.

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Lilibeth Dagulo et al.
Journal of food science, 75(2), C199-C207 (2010-05-25)
The effects due to Candidatus Liberibacter infection, commonly called citrus greening or Huanglongbing (HLB), on volatile and nonvolatile components of orange juices, OJ, were examined using GC-MS and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). HLB symptomatic, asymptomatic, and control "Hamlin" and "Valencia"
Yong-Long Han et al.
Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 25(8), 1828-1833 (2011-10-18)
Among the various possible causes for drug interactions, pharmacokinetic factors such as inhibition of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters, especially cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes and P-glycoprotein (P-gp), are regarded as the most frequent and clinically important. Limonin is a widely used
Yang Zhao et al.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 48(4), 1230-1236 (2008-10-22)
A simple, sensitive and accurate HPLC-DAD method was developed for simultaneous determination of wuchuyuamide-I, quercetin, limonin, evodiamine and rutaecarpine in Evodia rutaecarpa that has been widely used as one of the traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Chromatographic separations were performed on
Limonin enhances osteoblastogenesis and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss
Lee DH, et al.,
Journal of functional foods, 105-114 (2016)
Raju Lal Bhardwaj et al.
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 51(6), 563-570 (2011-09-21)
The post-harvest shelf life of maximum of fruits and vegetables is very limited due to their perishable nature. In India more then 20-25 percent of fruits and vegetables are spoiled before utilization. Despite being the world's second largest producer of
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