Skip to Content
Merck
CN
All Photos(2)

Documents

L3037

Sigma-Aldrich

Escort III Transfection Reagent

Lipid reagent for transfecting sensitive and primary cells

Sign Into View Organizational & Contract Pricing


About This Item

UNSPSC Code:
41106502
NACRES:
NA.25

grade

for molecular biology

Quality Level

form

liquid (aqueous solution)

usage

 mL sufficient for 250-1000 transfections

concentration

1 mg/mL

technique(s)

transfection: suitable

storage temp.

2-8°C

Related Categories

General description

Escort III is a unique formulation of a proprietary polycationic lipid and a neutral non-transfecting lipid. This liposome-forming compound is used for transfection of nucleic acids into primary cells.

Application

Suitable for transient and stable transfection of nucleic acids into cultured eukaryotic cells. Use approximately 2-8 μl Escort III and 2 μg DNA per 6 cm cell culture plate. Protocol optimization provides very efficient transfection. The following cells have been successfully transfected using Escort III:

A549
C2C12 myotubes
Cardiomyocytes (rat)
COS-7
Fibroblasts (rat)
Germ cells (male rat)
Hepatocytes (rat and hamster)
HepG2
HeLa
Jurkat
Keratinocytes (human)
Myoblasts (mouse and quail)
Myocytes (mouse)
NIH3T3
PC-12
Retinal Neurons (rat)
Tracheobronchial cells (sheep)

Features and Benefits

  • Suitable for stable and transient transfection
  • Optimized for a wide variety of primary cells
  • Low toxicity
  • Compatible with both serum and serum-free transfection protocols
  • Ideal for PC-12 cells

Components

Escort III formulation:
1 mg/mL total lipid in water

Note the identity of the lipids used in Escort III is confidential.

Caution

Do not freeze.

Principle

A stable complex is formed when Escort III is mixed with DNA in the absence of serum. The complexes are stable and can be directly added to the cell culture medium, where they fuse with the cell membrane, releasing the DNA into the cytoplasm. Note: complex formation is inhibited by serum, but once stable complexes have formed, the presence of serum is without consequence.

Legal Information

Escort is a trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

Already Own This Product?

Find documentation for the products that you have recently purchased in the Document Library.

Visit the Document Library

  1. Which document(s) contains shelf-life or expiration date information for a given product?

    If available for a given product, the recommended re-test date or the expiration date can be found on the Certificate of Analysis.

  2. How do I get lot-specific information or a Certificate of Analysis?

    The lot specific COA document can be found by entering the lot number above under the "Documents" section.

  3. How do I find price and availability?

    There are several ways to find pricing and availability for our products. Once you log onto our website, you will find the price and availability displayed on the product detail page. You can contact any of our Customer Sales and Service offices to receive a quote.  USA customers:  1-800-325-3010 or view local office numbers.

  4. What is the Department of Transportation shipping information for this product?

    Transportation information can be found in Section 14 of the product's (M)SDS.To access the shipping information for this material, use the link on the product detail page for the product. 

  5. Why do I see a precipitate in my cell culture after lipid-based transfection?

    The precipitate is likely excess lipid or EDTA and will probablly not affect transfection efficiency.  If your DNA plasmid is suspended in TE, be sure the concentration of EDTA is <0.3 mM, or suspend the DNA in sterile molecular biology grade water instead.

  6. Is low cell passage number an important consideration for transfection?

    Yes, we recommend cells are at a low passage when being  used for any application, including transfection.  The reason why depends on what type of cells they are.  Primary cells will undergo a finite number of divisions, and as they get closer to senesence they divide more slowly - both affecting their ability to take up DNA (transient transfection), and minimizing their abillity to incorporate the DNA into the genome (stable selection).Cultured common cell lines are often immortalized, and generally continue to aquire mutations, leading to a heterogenous population that may perform differently from cells of lower passage number - leading to results that are not reproducible.

  7. Is the size of the plasmid an important consideration for transfection?

    The size of the plasmid should be considered when selecting a transfection reagent with the best efficiency.  In general, larger sized plasmids should easily transfect with readily available transfection reagents, as along as the plasmid DNA is of high purity.

  8. Is optimizing the transfection protocol important?

    For many common cell lines, transfection reagent efficiency is very high and the protocols will not require any optimization.  For hard-to-transfect cells or those ultimately expressing a toxic protein, the protocol should be optimized for best transfection efficiency.  Taking time to optimize will give you more transfected cells with each procedure, which can mean more protein expressed and results that are reproducible.

  9. How do I choose a transfection reagent?

    There are many guides that help you select a transfection reagent.  In general, consider:The type of cell(s) you will transfectThe type of nucleic acid or protein you will introduce to the cellThe composition of your cell culture mediumThe need for stable or transient transfectionThe equipment you have availableThe other factors important to you - cost, protocol flexibility, ease of use, etc.

  10. What quality does the DNA need to be in order to use it for transfection?

    The DNA needs to be good quality or it may cause the cells to lyse and/or they won't transfect efficiently.  Plasmid DNA prepared with a column-based DNA purification kit is suitable for transfections.  Sigma's GenElute Minprep, Midiprep and Maxiprep kits work well for DNA plasmid purification.  After preparing the DNA, confirm the OD A260:A280 ratio is greater than 1.6 for use in plasmid transfections.

  11. What is transfection efficiency?

    Transfection efficiency is a measure of how many cells take up the DNA during the transfection process.  Many transfection reagents can achieve a transfection efficiency of >90% in common cell lines.  Other cell lines are hard to transfect, and require special reagents and/or techniques to achieve even a small population of transfected cells.

  12. How can I determine the efficiency of my transfection?

    Calculating transfection efficiency is very useful when optimizing transfection protocols.  Transfection efficiency can be performed using a GFP-expressing plasmid.  After transfection, cells are stained with propidium iodide and counted.  The propidium iodide provides a count of the total cells in the population, and the GFP-expressing cells provide a count of the number of cells transfected.  The transfection efficiency (%) can then be calculated by:(# GFP-expressing cells / total cell #) * 100

  13. How can I increase the efficiency of my transfection?

    Transfection efficiency is affected by many different things, including plasmid size and purity, media components present, transfection reagent selected, amount of DNA and transfection reagent used, cell density, etc.  Optimizing the protocol with respect to these concerns will allow you to achieve a higher transfection efficiency.  For many cell lines and transfection reagents, optimized protocols are already available.

  14. Can I transfect cells plated at low density?

    For most transfections, cells should be >70% confluency the day of transfection, and growing in mid-log phase.  Some transfection reagents are now designed to work with cells at low density, when required.

  15. Can antibiotics be present in the medium during transfection?

    We recommend that no antibiotics are present during transfection.  The process of transfection can make the cells somewhat more porous to allow for efficient DNA entry.  During this time, antibiotics will also enter the cells more easily and the cells may show increased cell death.  Wait until about 24 hours after transfection to resume the use of preventative antibiotics and/or start the use of selective antibiotics.

  16. What are the differences between the two Escort products?

    Each Escort transfection Reagent is a different lipid formulation.  These different formulations are more readily taken up by different cells, presumably by endocytosis.Escort III is a unique formulation of a proprietary polycationic lipid and a neutral, non-transfecting lipid.Escort IV is a a confidential lipid.

  17. Which Escort transfection reagent should I use for my application?

    Escort III is best for sensitive cells and primary cells, particularly PC-12 and Jurkat.Escort IV is excellent for mammalian cell lines, primary cells and insect cells.

  18. What is the difference between stable and transient transfection?

    When the DNA enters the nucleus of the cell, the plasmid is replicated by the cell machinery (transient transfection).  During this time, RNA is transcribed and protein translated until the plasmid DNA is lost after a few cell divisions.  This expression of the plasmid DNA, mRNA, and protein is transient (temporary).In some cases, the plasmid DNA is integrated into the host cell genome.  This is usually accompanied by forced expression using a selection antibiotic and sometimes a cloning step (to be sure all cells have the same integration site).  Once the DNA is stable, the cell line can be frozen and used to express protein for many years.  Clones may even be screened for those expressing the highest amount of protein.

  19. My question is not addressed here, how can I contact Technical Service for assistance?

    Ask a Scientist here.

Tomás C O'Riordan et al.
American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 292(4), R1613-R1620 (2006-12-16)
The development and application of a methodology for measurement of oxygen within single mammalian cells are presented, which employ novel macromolecular near infrared (NIR) oxygen probes based on new metalloporphyrin dyes. The probes, which display optimal spectral characteristics and sensitivity
Patrick Orth et al.
Molecular biotechnology, 38(2), 137-144 (2008-01-26)
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of novel nonviral gene delivery systems in cells of musculoskeletal origin. Primary cultures of lapine skeletal muscle cells, lapine articular chondrocytes, human cells from fibrous dysplasia and cell lines
Lixian Liu et al.
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 9, 634242-634242 (2021-03-12)
The mitogen-inducible gene 6 (MIG6) is an adaptor protein widely expressed in vascular endothelial cells. However, it remains unknown thus far whether it plays a role in angiogenesis. Here, using comprehensive in vitro and in vivo model systems, we unveil
Thomas Iskratsch et al.
The Journal of cell biology, 191(6), 1159-1172 (2010-12-15)
Members of the formin family are important for actin filament nucleation and elongation. We have identified a novel striated muscle-specific splice variant of the formin FHOD3 that introduces a casein kinase 2 (CK2) phosphorylation site. The specific targeting of muscle
Inmaculada Navarro-Lérida et al.
Journal of cell science, 117(Pt 9), 1687-1697 (2004-04-13)
Several cell types express inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) in response to exogenous insults such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or proinflammatory cytokines. For instance, muscular cells treated with LPS and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) respond by increasing the mRNA and protein

Articles

Transfection introduces genetic material into cells, aiding research in gene expression and cell biology.

This brief webinar provides an overview of what transfection is and the methods that are used to introduce DNA or RNA into eukaryotic cells.

Protocols

The product bulletin providin detailed use protocol for easy DNA transfection.

Product manual provides detailed protocol for easy DNA transfection.

Related Content

Browse our convenient transfection reagent selection guide to match the best reagent for your specific cell line and application needs.

Our team of scientists has experience in all areas of research including Life Science, Material Science, Chemical Synthesis, Chromatography, Analytical and many others.

Contact Technical Service