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I1633

Sigma-Aldrich

Insulin chain A oxidized ammonium salt from bovine pancreas

≥80% (HPLC), powder

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Linear Formula:
C97H151N25O46S4 · (NH3)x
CAS Number:
77282-71-4
Molecular Weight:
2531.64 (free acid basis)
UNSPSC Code:
12352202
NACRES:
NA.32

sterility

non-sterile

Quality Level

200

Assay

≥80% (HPLC)

form

powder

UniProt accession no.

P01317

shipped in

ambient

storage temp.

−20°C

InChI

1S/C97H151N25O46S4/c1-12-46(10)77(120-72(131)35-98)96(154)122-76(45(8)9)94(152)107-55(24-28-74(134)135)79(137)104-53(22-26-69(100)128)82(140)116-66(40-171(163,164)165)93(151)118-64(38-169(157,158)159)90(148)103-47(11)78(136)114-63(37-124)89(147)121-75(44(6)7)95(153)119-67(41-172(166,167)168)92(150)115-62(36-123)88(146)109-57(30-43(4)5)84(142)110-58(31-48-13-17-50(125)18-14-48)85(143)105-52(21-25-68(99)127)80(138)108-56(29-42(2)3)83(141)106-54(23-27-73(132)133)81(139)112-60(33-70(101)129)87(145)111-59(32-49-15-19-51(126)20-16-49)86(144)117-65(39-170(160,161)162)91(149)113-61(97(155)156)34-71(102)130/h13-20,42-47,52-67,75-77,123-126H,12,21-41,98H2,1-11H3,(H2,99,127)(H2,100,128)(H2,101,129)(H2,102,130)(H,103,148)(H,104,137)(H,105,143)(H,106,141)(H,107,152)(H,108,138)(H,109,146)(H,110,142)(H,111,145)(H,112,139)(H,113,149)(H,114,136)(H,115,150)(H,116,140)(H,117,144)(H,118,151)(H,119,153)(H,120,131)(H,121,147)(H,122,154)(H,132,133)(H,134,135)(H,155,156)(H,157,158,159)(H,160,161,162)(H,163,164,165)(H,166,167,168)/t46-,47-,52-,53-,54-,55-,56-,57-,58-,59-,60-,61-,62-,63-,64-,65-,66-,67-,75-,76-,77-/m0/s1

InChI key

WYHLQQAVJPCFKN-DQLAGKHYSA-N

Gene Information

cow ... INS(280829)

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Related Categories

Amino Acid Sequence

Gly-Ile-Val-Glu-Gln-Cys(SO3H)-Cys(SO3H)-Ala-Ser-Val-Cys(SO3H)-Ser-Leu-Tyr-Gln-Leu-Glu-Asn-Tyr-Cys(SO3H)-Asn

Biochem/physiol Actions

Human insulin is made up of 51 amino acids. It consists of two peptide chains, 21 amino acids make up A-chain and chain B contains 31 amino acids. The two chains are linked together by a disulfide bond, to form a classical insulin fold with three α helices, chain A having two and one in chain B.
Insulin regulates the cellular uptake, utilization, and storage of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids. It inhibits the breakdown of glycogen, protein, and fat. The α chain contains an intrachain disulfide bond.

Preparation Note

Prepared by a modification of Sanger, F., et al., Biochem. J., 44, 126 (1949).

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Regulatory Information

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Alexander Leitner et al.
Nature protocols, 9(1), 120-137 (2013-12-21)
Chemical cross-linking in combination with LC-MS/MS (XL-MS) is an emerging technology to obtain low-resolution structural (distance) restraints of proteins and protein complexes. These restraints can also be used to characterize protein complexes by integrative modeling of the XL-MS data, either
Clostridia and Enteroviruses as Synergistic Triggers of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Root-Bernstein, et al.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24 (2023)
Tine N Vinther et al.
Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society, 22(3), 296-305 (2013-01-03)
Insulin is a key hormone controlling glucose homeostasis. All known vertebrate insulin analogs have a classical structure with three 100% conserved disulfide bonds that are essential for structural stability and thus the function of insulin. It might be hypothesized that

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