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Merck
CN

H1771

3-Hydroxy-DL-kynurenine

Synonym(s):

α,2-Diamino-3-hydroxy-γ-oxobenzenebutanoic acid

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C10H12N2O4
CAS Number:
484-78-6
Molecular Weight:
224.21
NACRES:
NA.32
PubChem Substance ID:
24895482
UNSPSC Code:
12352204
MDL number:
MFCD00047832

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InChI

1S/C10H12N2O4/c11-6(10(15)16)4-8(14)5-2-1-3-7(13)9(5)12/h1-3,6,13H,4,11-12H2,(H,15,16)

SMILES string

NC(CC(=O)c1cccc(O)c1N)C(O)=O

InChI key

VCKPUUFAIGNJHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

assay

≥98% (TLC)

form

powder

solubility

1 M HCl: 49.00-51.00 mg/mL, clear to very slightly hazy

storage temp.

2-8°C

Quality Level

200

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General description

3-Hydroxy-DL-kynurenine is a tryptophan metabolite with a molecular weight corresponding to 224Da. It is a chromophore or hydrophilic yellow compound present in the lens of the eye. 3-Hydroxy-DL-kynurenine is synthesized from kynurenine by the action of enzyme kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO). It is metabolized to 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and xanthurenic acid in the presence of enzymes kynureninase and kynurenine aminotransferases, respectively.

Application

3-Hydroxy-DL-kynurenine has been used:
  • as a substrate for the recombinant human kynureninase assay
  • as a reference standard in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis
  • as a control for quantifying serum 3-Hydroxy-DL-kynurenine levels in diabetic retinopathy patients

Biochem/physiol Actions

3-Hydroxy-DL-kynurenine (3-HKYN) has antioxidant functionality and prevents lipid peroxidation in cerebral cortex. It may modulate synaptic neurotransmission. The levels of 3-HKYN is elevated in Huntington′s disease. However, its role in neurodegenerative diseases is still not understood well. Kynurenine metabolism is linked with glutamatergic neurotransmission and the level of 3-HKYN is linked to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

pictograms

Exclamation mark
GHS07

signalword

Warning

Hazard Classifications

Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT SE 3

target_organs

Respiratory system

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number
0000492352
0000492352
0000488000
0000488000
0000445535

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3-Hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid enhance the toxicity induced by copper in rat astrocyte culture
Ramirez-Ortega D, et al.
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2017, 189-204 (2017)
Oivind Midttun et al.
The Journal of nutrition, 141(4), 611-617 (2011-02-12)
It is unclear whether reduced plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) during inflammation reflects an altered distribution or increased requirement of vitamin B-6 that may impair overall vitamin B-6 status in tissues. In plasma from 3035 patients undergoing coronary angiography for suspected
HIV-1 envelope mimicry of host enzyme kynureninase does not disrupt tryptophan metabolism
Bradley T, et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 197(12), 4663-4673 (2016)
Tomasz Kocki et al.
Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 119(2), 235-243 (2011-06-11)
Altered function of kynurenine pathway has emerged recently as one of the factors contributing to the pathogenesis of depression. Neuroprotective kynurenic acid (KYNA) and neurotoxic 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) are two immediate metabolites of L: -kynurenine. Here, we aimed to assess the
Todd Bradley et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 197(12), 4663-4673 (2016-11-17)
The HIV-1 envelope protein (Env) has evolved to subvert the host immune system, hindering viral control by the host. The tryptophan metabolic enzyme kynureninase (KYNU) is mimicked by a portion of the HIV Env gp41 membrane proximal region (MPER) and
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