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B3501

Sigma-Aldrich

Betaine hydrochloride

≥99%

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Synonym(s):
(Carboxymethyl)trimethylammonium hydrochloride
Linear Formula:
(CH3)3N+CH2COOH · Cl-
CAS Number:
590-46-5
Molecular Weight:
153.61
Beilstein:
3916181
EC Number:
209-683-1
MDL number:
MFCD00011903
UNSPSC Code:
12352202
PubChem Substance ID:
24278266
NACRES:
NA.77

biological source

synthetic (organic)

Quality Level

100

Assay

≥99%

form

powder or crystals

mp

241-242 °C (lit.)

solubility

water: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless

storage temp.

room temp

SMILES string

[Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O

InChI

1S/C5H11NO2.ClH/c1-6(2,3)4-5(7)8;/h4H2,1-3H3;1H

InChI key

HOPSCVCBEOCPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Gene Information

human ... BHMT(635) , BHMT2(23743)

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General description

Betaine (trimethyl glycine) is an osmoprotectant, which is highly effective than proline. It is formed in from choline. Betaine is usually present in grains, spinach, beets, broccoli, shellfish and marine algae.

Application

Betaine hydrochloride has been used as a component of fixative in HEPES or cacodylate buffer to improve preservation of the ultrastructural morphology of human spermatozoa.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Betaine hydrochloride can decrease hepatotoxicity, that is stimulated by ethanol.
End-product of oxidative metabolism of choline, betaine is a general methyl donor, in particular in a minor pathway of methionine biosynthesis. It is used to treat homocystinuria, which is a defect in the major pathway of methionine biosynthesis.

Pictograms

Corrosion
GHS05

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

H318

Precautionary Statements

P280 - P305 + P351 + P338

Hazard Classifications

Eye Dam. 1

WGK

WGK 1

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Effect of drying medium on the viability of dried
Selmer OE, et al.
Immobilized Cells: Basics and Applications, 11, 229-229 (1996)
Improved preservation of ultrastructural morphology in human spermatozoa using betaine in the primary fixative
Swan MA
International Journal of Andrology, 20(1), 45- 54 (1997)
Can Phytochemicals be Effective in Preventing Ethanol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in the Geriatric Population? An Evidence-Based Revisit
Foods and Dietary Supplements in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease in Older Adults, 163- 170 (2015)
Caroline E Geisler et al.
Cell reports, 35(13), 109298-109298 (2021-07-01)
Hepatic lipid accumulation in obesity correlates with the severity of hyperinsulinemia and systemic insulin resistance. Obesity-induced hepatocellular lipid accumulation results in hepatocyte depolarization. We have established that hepatocyte depolarization depresses hepatic afferent vagal nerve firing, increases GABA release from liver
Matthew J Szucs et al.
mBio, 11(5) (2020-10-01)
Viruses have developed innovative strategies to exploit the cellular machinery and overcome the antiviral defenses of the host, often using specifically structured RNA elements. Examples are found in the Flavivirus genus (in the family Flaviviridae), where during flaviviral infection, pathogenic
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