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179965

Sigma-Aldrich

Toluene

Laboratory Reagent, ≥99.3%

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About This Item

Linear Formula:
C6H5CH3
CAS Number:
108-88-3
Molecular Weight:
92.14
Beilstein:
635760
EC Number:
203-625-9
MDL number:
MFCD00008512
UNSPSC Code:
12191501
eCl@ss:
39011102
PubChem Substance ID:
329751599

grade

Laboratory Reagent

Quality Level

100

vapor density

3.2 (vs air)

vapor pressure

22 mmHg ( 20 °C)
26 mmHg ( 25 °C)

Assay

≥99.3%

form

liquid

autoignition temp.

997 °F

expl. lim.

7 %

impurities

≤0.05% water

evapn. residue

≤0.005%

refractive index

n/D 1.496 (lit.)

bp

110-111 °C (lit.)

mp

-93 °C (lit.)

density

0.865 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

application(s)

microbiology

SMILES string

Cc1ccccc1

InChI

1S/C7H8/c1-7-5-3-2-4-6-7/h2-6H,1H3

InChI key

YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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General description

Toluene, a flammable liquid with a pungent odor, is widely employed as organic solvent. It is widely used as a precursor for synthesizing benzene and as a solvent in the paint industry. It has been reported to be a biotoxic solvent (toxic to many microorganisms at 0.1%v/v concentrations). Its anaerobic biodegradation to CO2, by the denitrifying bacterium Thauera arornatica has been reported. It forms syndiotactic polystyrene-toluene molecular compound. Crystal structure of this molecular compound has been investigated by X-ray diffraction studies.

Application

Toluene may be used as a solvent in the following studies:
  • Preparation of 4-arm polylactide-based (PLA) star oligomer.
  • Transformation of C6 sugar monomers/oligomers (glucose, maltose, and β-cyclodextrins) to levulinic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst.
Toluene undergoes alkylation in the presence of modified ZSM (Zeolite Socony Mobil)-5-class zeolite catalysts to form p-xylene with high selectivity. When doped on graphene, it acts as an electron donor leading to alteration in graphene electrical properties.

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Aquatic Chronic 3 - Asp. Tox. 1 - Flam. Liq. 2 - Repr. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT RE 2 Inhalation - STOT SE 3

Target Organs

Central nervous system

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

39.9 °F

Flash Point(C)

4.4 °C

Regulatory Information

危险化学品
易制毒化学品（3类）

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Direct laser writing of 3D scaffolds for neural tissue engineering applications.
Melissinaki V, et al.
Biofabrication, 3(4), 045005-045005 (2011)
Acid-catalyzed conversion of C6 sugar monomer/oligomers to levulinic acid in water, tetrahydrofuran and toluene: Importance of the solvent polarity.
Hu X, et al.
Fuel: The Science and Technology of Fuel and Energy, 141, 56-63 (2015)
Toluene.
von Burg R.
Journal of Applied Toxicology, 13(6), 441-446 (1993)
Selective alkylation of toluene with methanol to produce para-xylene.
Kaeding WW, et al.
J. Catal., 67(1), 159-174 (1981)
Electrochemical doping of graphene with toluene.
Kaverzin AA, et al.
Carbon, 49(12), 3829-3834 (2011)
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