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Sigma-Aldrich

Glycerol

puriss., anhydrous, 99.0-101.0% (alkalimetric)

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Synonym(s):
1,2,3-Propanetriol, Glycerin
Linear Formula:
HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH
CAS Number:
56-81-5
Molecular Weight:
92.09
Beilstein:
635685
EC Number:
200-289-5
MDL number:
MFCD00004722
UNSPSC Code:
12352104
PubChem Substance ID:
329750924
NACRES:
NA.21

vapor density

3.1 (vs air)

Quality Level

200

vapor pressure

<1 mmHg ( 20 °C)

grade

puriss.

Assay

99.0-101.0% (alkalimetric)
99.0-101.0% (calc. on H2O free substance)

form

viscous liquid

autoignition temp.

698 °F

quality

anhydrous, 99.0-101.0% (alkalimetric)

expl. lim.

2.6-11.3 %

technique(s)

IR spectroscopy: suitable
electrophoresis: suitable

impurities

≤1.0% water (Karl Fischer)

ign. residue

≤0.01% (as SO4)

refractive index

n20/D 1.470-1.475
n20/D 1.474 (lit.)

pH

5.5-8

bp

182 °C/20 mmHg (lit.)

mp

20 °C (lit.)

density

1.2580-1.2644 g/mL at 20 °C
≥1.257 g/mL at 25 °C
1.25 g/mL (lit.)

cation traces

As: ≤1 mg/kg
Cd: ≤1 mg/kg
Hg: ≤1 mg/kg
Pb: ≤1 mg/kg

suitability

complies for reaction against H2SO4
passes test for identity (IR)

storage temp.

15-25°C

SMILES string

OCC(O)CO

InChI

1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2

InChI key

PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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General description

Glycerol is odourless, colorless, viscous in nature, and exists as a sweet tasting liquid. It can be derived naturally as well as from petrochemical feedstock. Glycerol has a wide variety of applications, and is one of the most valuable and versatile chemical substances in nature. It can be used as an emollient, solvent, sweetening agent, in pharmaceutical formulations, cosmetics, foodstuffs and toiletries. It is very stable and can be easily stored under normal temperature; also it is non-irritating and has no adverse impact to the environment.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Glycerol has been used as
  • a supplement during cell culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium.
  • a fuel during designing enzymatic biofuel cell.
  • a liquid composite matrix with 4-HCCA and 3-amino­quinoline for analysis of neutral and acidic glycans.
  • a matrix for fast atom bombardment MS.
  • may be employed as liquid matrix for the quantification studies by MALDI (Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry) analysis.
Glycerol is hygroscopic in nature and is soluble in water owing to its three hydrophilic alcoholic hydroxyl groups. It can form both inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds, making it a very flexible molecule. The physiologic effect of glycerine is due to cell-mediated immunity, increased IgG production and increased histamine release.

WGK

WGK 1

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  5. What is the viscosity of glycerol?

    The viscosity of glycerol is 648 Centistokes at 20 Deg C (68 Deg F).

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