SMB00908
4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutaric acid dipotassium salt
95-105% (titration)
Synonym(s):
4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutaric acid dipotassium salt, Parapyruvate
assay
95-105% (titration)
form
powder
greener alternative product score
old score: 46
new score: 35
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greener alternative product characteristics
Safer Solvents and Auxiliaries
Design for Energy Efficiency
Design for Degradation
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sustainability
Greener Alternative Product
color
white to beige
solubility
water: soluble 10 mg/mL
greener alternative category
Quality Level
Related Categories
General description
Parapyruvate, also known as 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate (HMOG), is a compound formed through the polymerization of two molecules of pyruvate via aldol condensation. It is closely related to α-ketoglutarate and is believed to act as a competitive inhibitor of the α-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KGDHC) to form succinyl coenzyme A, impacting fibroblast senescence. A decrease in KGDHC activity is also associated with neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer′s and Parkinson′s diseases. The precise mechanism of parapyruvate′s inhibition of KGDHC is complex, but it interferes with the activity of this rate-limiting enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, ultimately affecting mitochondrial function. KGDHC is crucial for oxidative decarboxylation within the TCA cycle. Parapyruvate′s potential to inhibit KGDHC paves the way for research in cell biology and biochemistry, covering cell senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic regulation, and aging-related diseases.
We are committed to bringing you Greener Alternative Products, which adhere to one of the four categories of Greener Alternatives. This product belongs to category of Re-engineered products, showing key improvements in Green Chemistry Principles “Safer Solvents and Auxiliaries”, "Energy Efficiency", and “Design for Degradation”. Click here to view its DOZN scorecard.
Application
Parapyruvate can be used
- to study mitochondrial metabolomics
- to study age related disorders (Alzheimer′s and Parkinson′s research)
Biochem/physiol Actions
Parapyruvate is formed via an adol condensation reaction of pyruvate
Features and Benefits
High quality compound suitable for multiple research applications
Other Notes
For additional information on our range of Biochemicals, please complete this form.
Storage Class
11 - Combustible Solids
wgk
WGK 3
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
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Parapyruvate, an Impurity in Pyruvate Supplements, Induces Senescence in Human Fibroblastic Hs68 Cells via Inhibition of the ?-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex
Chang SC et al.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 66, 7504-7513 (2018)
Using Taguchi Method to Determine the Optimum Conditions for Synthesizing Parapyruvate
Lee et al.
Molecules (Basel), 27, 1870-1870 (2022)
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