PF023
MMP-2, Active, Human, Recombinant, Mouse Cells
Synonym(s):
Gelatinase A, Active Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
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About This Item
Assay
≥90% (SDS-PAGE)
Quality Level
form
liquid
specific activity
≥7.0 ΔA405/h-μg protein (thiopeptide hydrolysis assay)
does not contain
preservative
manufacturer/tradename
Calbiochem®
storage condition
OK to freeze
avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles
impurities
9% TIMP-2
shipped in
wet ice
storage temp.
−70°C
General description
Full-length, recombinant, human pro-MMP-2 expressed in mouse cells that is subsequently activated by APMA. APMA is removed through a desalting column. The substrate specificity for MMP-2 includes collagen (types IV, V, VII, and X), elastin, and gelatin (type I). The presence of TIMP-2 inhibitor prevents degradation of the MMP-2 C-terminal regulatory domain. TIMP-2 is also an inhibitor of proteolysis and will inhibit the activity of the enzyme. Useful for immunoblotting, substrate cleavage assay and zymography.
Full-length, recombinant, human pro-MMP-2 expressed in mouse cells that is subsequently activated by APMA. APMA is removed through a desalting column. The substrate specificity for MMP-2 includes collagen (types IV, V, VII, and X), elastin, and gelatin (type I). The presence of TIMP-2 inhibitor prevents degradation of the MMP-2 C-terminal regulatory domain. TIMP-2 is also an inhibitor of proteolysis and will inhibit the activity of the enzyme. Useful for immunoblotting, substrate cleavage assay and zymography.
Matrix metalloproteinases are members of a unique family of proteolytic enzymes that have a zinc ion at their active sites and can degrade collagens, elastin and other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). These enzymes are present in normal healthy individuals and have been shown to have an important role in processes such as wound healing, pregnancy, and bone resorption. However, overexpression and activation of MMPs have been linked with a range of pathological processes and disease states involved in the breakdown and remodeling of the ECM. Such diseases include tumor invasion and metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis, periodontal disease, and vascular processes such as angiogenesis, intimal hyperplasia, atherosclerosis, and aneurysms. Recently, MMPs have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer′s, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Natural inhibitors of MMPs, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) exist and synthetic inhibitors have been developed which offer hope of new treatment options for these diseases. Regulation of MMP activity can occur at the level of gene expression, including transcription and translation, level of activation, or at the level of inhibition by TIMPs. Thus, perturbations at any of these points can theoretically lead to alterations in ECM turnover. Expression is under tight control by pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and/or growth factors and, once produced the enzymes are usually secreted as inactive zymograms. Upon activation (removal of the inhibitory propeptide region of the molecules) MMPs are subject to control by locally produced TIMPs. All MMPs can be activated in vitro with organomercurial compounds (e.g., 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate), but the agents responsible for the physiological activation of all MMPs have not been clearly defined. Numerous studies indicate that members of the MMP family have the ability to activate one another. The activation of the MMPs in vivo is likely to be a critical step in terms of their biological behavior, because it is this activation that will tip the balance in favor of ECM degradation. The hallmark of diseases involving MMPs appear to be stoichiometric imbalance between active MMPs and TIMPs, leading to excessive tissue disruption and often degradation. Determination of the mechanisms that control this imbalance may open up some important therapeutic options of specific enzyme inhibitors.
Matrix metalloproteinases are members of a unique family of proteolytic enzymes that have a zinc ion at their active sites and can degrade collagens, elastin and other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). These enzymes are present in normal healthy individuals and have been shown to have an important role in processes such as wound healing, pregnancy, and bone resorption. However, overexpression and activation of MMPs have been linked with a range of pathological processes and disease states involved in the breakdown and remodeling of the ECM. Such diseases include tumor invasion and metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis, periodontal disease, and vascular processes such as angiogenesis, intimal hyperplasia, atherosclerosis, and aneurysms. Recently, MMPs have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer′s, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Natural inhibitors of MMPs, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) exist and synthetic inhibitors have been developed which offer hope of new treatment options for these diseases. Regulation of MMP activity can occur at the level of gene expression, including transcription and translation, level of activation, or at the level of inhibition by TIMPs. Thus, perturbations at any of these points can theoretically lead to alterations in ECM turnover. Expression is under tight control by pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and/or growth factors and, once produced the enzymes are usually secreted as inactive zymograms. Upon activation (removal of the inhibitory propeptide region of the molecules) MMPs are subject to control by locally produced TIMPs. All MMPs can be activated in vitro with organomercurial compounds (e.g., 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate), but the agents responsible for the physiological activation of all MMPs have not been clearly defined. Numerous studies indicate that members of the MMP family have the ability to activate one another. The activation of the MMPs in vivo is likely to be a critical step in terms of their biological behavior, because it is this activation that will tip the balance in favor of ECM degradation. The hallmark of diseases involving MMPs appear to be stoichiometric imbalance between active MMPs and TIMPs, leading to excessive tissue disruption and often degradation. Determination of the mechanisms that control this imbalance may open up some important therapeutic options of specific enzyme inhibitors.
Packaging
Please refer to vial label for lot-specific concentration.
Warning
Toxicity: Standard Handling (A)
Other Notes
Liepnisch, E., et al. 2003. J. Biol. Chem.278, 25982.
Parsons, S.L., et al. 1997. Br. J. Surg.84, 160.
Backstrom, J.R., et al. 1996. J. Neuro.16, 7910.
Lim, G.P., et al. 1996. J. Neurochem.67, 251.
Xia, T., et al. 1996. Biochim. Biophys. Acta1293, 259.
Chandler, S., et al. 1995 Neuroscience Letters201, 226.
Sang, Q.X., et al. 1995. Biochim. Biophys. Acta1251, 99.
Kenagy, R.D. and Clowes, A.W. 1994. In Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases: Therapeutic Potential. Greenwald, R.A. and Golub L.M., Eds, 465.
Zempo, N., et al. 1994. J. Vasc. Surg.20, 217.
Birkedal-Hansen, H. 1993. J. Periodontol.64, 484.
Stetler-Stevenson, W.G., et al. 1993. FASEB J.7, 1434.
Delaisse, J-M. and Vaes, G. 1992. In Biology and Physiology of the Osteoclast. B.R. Rifkin and C.V. Gay, Eds., 290.
Jeffrey, J.J. 1992. In Wound Healing: Biochemical and Clinical Aspects. R.F. Diegelmann and W.J. Lindblad, Eds., 194.
Jeffrey, J.J. 1991. Semin. Perinatol.15, 118.
Liotta, L.A., et al. 1991. Cell64, 327.
Harris, E. 1990. N. Engl. J. Med.322, 1277.
Parsons, S.L., et al. 1997. Br. J. Surg.84, 160.
Backstrom, J.R., et al. 1996. J. Neuro.16, 7910.
Lim, G.P., et al. 1996. J. Neurochem.67, 251.
Xia, T., et al. 1996. Biochim. Biophys. Acta1293, 259.
Chandler, S., et al. 1995 Neuroscience Letters201, 226.
Sang, Q.X., et al. 1995. Biochim. Biophys. Acta1251, 99.
Kenagy, R.D. and Clowes, A.W. 1994. In Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases: Therapeutic Potential. Greenwald, R.A. and Golub L.M., Eds, 465.
Zempo, N., et al. 1994. J. Vasc. Surg.20, 217.
Birkedal-Hansen, H. 1993. J. Periodontol.64, 484.
Stetler-Stevenson, W.G., et al. 1993. FASEB J.7, 1434.
Delaisse, J-M. and Vaes, G. 1992. In Biology and Physiology of the Osteoclast. B.R. Rifkin and C.V. Gay, Eds., 290.
Jeffrey, J.J. 1992. In Wound Healing: Biochemical and Clinical Aspects. R.F. Diegelmann and W.J. Lindblad, Eds., 194.
Jeffrey, J.J. 1991. Semin. Perinatol.15, 118.
Liotta, L.A., et al. 1991. Cell64, 327.
Harris, E. 1990. N. Engl. J. Med.322, 1277.
Legal Information
CALBIOCHEM is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
Signal Word
Danger
Hazard Statements
Precautionary Statements
Hazard Classifications
Resp. Sens. 1A
WGK
WGK 1
Flash Point(F)
No data available
Flash Point(C)
No data available
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
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Sunyoung Jeong et al.
International wound journal, 14(5), 786-790 (2016-12-10)
Proteinases are enzymes that can digest other proteins. In chronic wounds, a sub-class of these enzymes with the ability to degrade the extracellular matrix (matrix metalloproteinases, MMPs) have been found to both inhibit healing and to be able to aid
Maciej J Stawikowski et al.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 1579, 137-183 (2017-03-17)
A continuous assay method, such as the one that utilizes an increase in fluorescence upon hydrolysis, allows for rapid and convenient kinetic evaluation of proteases. To better understand MMP behaviors toward native substrates, a variety of fluorescence resonance energy transfer
Elizabeth Milward et al.
Journal of neuroimmunology, 193(1-2), 140-148 (2007-12-08)
Derivative myelin associated glycoprotein (dMAG) results from proteolysis of transmembrane MAG and can inhibit axonal growth. We have tested the ability of certain matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) elevated with inflammatory and demyelinating diseases to cleave MAG. We show MMP-2, MMP-7 and
Sadaf Dorandish et al.
International journal of molecular sciences, 22(13) (2021-07-03)
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family, has been linked to several human malignancies and shown to promote tumorigenesis. The purpose of this study was to explore the relative abundance of pro-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) and mature
Gae-Baik Kim et al.
International journal of molecular sciences, 23(3) (2022-02-16)
Activity-based monitoring of cell-secreted proteases has gained significant interest due to the implication of these substances in diverse cellular functions. Here, we demonstrated a cell-based method of monitoring protease activity using fluorescent cell-permeable peptides. The activatable peptide consists of anionic
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