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RNA Polymerase I Inhibitor II, BMH-21, BMH21, rRNA Transcription Inhibitor II, N-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-12-oxo-12H-benzo[g]pyrido[2,1-b]quinazoline-4-carboxamide, N-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-12-oxo-12H-benzo[g]pyrido[2,1-b]quinazoline-4-carboxamide, BMH21, rRNA Transcription Inhibitor II
C21H20N4O2
Recommended Products
Assay
≥98% (HPLC)
Quality Level
form
powder
manufacturer/tradename
Calbiochem®
storage condition
OK to freeze
protect from light
color
orange-yellow
solubility
DMSO: 1 mg/mL
5% acetic acid: 25 mg/mL
storage temp.
2-8°C
General description
A cell-permeable, non-toxic, benzopyridoquinazoline-carboxamide compound that blocks the growth and viability of a variety of cancer cell lines (GI50 = 160 nM in NCI-60 cells), but does not significantly affect normal cells (~90-fold therapeutic window). Preferentially binds to the GC-rich DNA and inhibits RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription. Although it intercalates with DNA, it does not activate the DNA damage response. Induces a proteasome-dependent destruction of large Pol I catalytic subunit RPA194, independent of TP53 genetic status of cancer cells, leading to disassembly of Pol I holocomplex from the rDNA. However, it does not affect Rpb1, the large subunit of RNA polymerase II and Pol I preinitiation complex proteins. Effectively reduces the growth of A375 and HCT116 xenografts in athymic NCr nu/nu mice (50 mg/kg, i.p, 2 weeks).
Please note that the molecular weight for this compound is batch-specific due to variable water content.
Please note that the molecular weight for this compound is batch-specific due to variable water content.
A cell-permeable, reversible DNA-intercalating benzopyridoquinazoline-carboxamide that preferentially targets GC-rich sequence, notably that of rDNA (162% of average human genome GC content), and effectively inhibits RNA polymerase I- (Pol I) mediated rDNA transcription both in cell-free assays and in cultures (IC50/ICmax = 60 nM/≤1 M against 2-h de novo 47S transcription in A375 cells) without affecting the maturation/processing of 47S into 32S and 18S rRNA. Time-dependent studies in 1 M BMH-21-treated A375 cells reveal fast inhibition of nuclear RNA synthesis (FUrd incorporation) within 15 min, followed by progressive altered localization of nucleolar proteins (starting in <20 min), including Pol I subunit RPA194 capping structure formation, indicative of stalled Pol I complex, and eventual proteasome-mediated RPA194 degradation (>1 h). Although BMH-21 activates p53 independent of DNA damage-sensing ATM pathway signaling in A375 cultures, wt p53 is not a prerequisite for BMH-21 anticancer activity (Av GI50 = 110 nM/wt and 205 nM/mutant among NCI60 cancer panel). Intraperitoneal injection is demonstrated to be efficacious in suppressing A375 (25 & 50 mg/kg/d, 6d/wk) and HCT-116 (50 mg/kg/d, 7 d/wk) tumor growth in mice in vivo. MG-132 (Cat. Nos. 474790, 474787, 474788, and 474791) effectively prevents BMH-21-induced RPA194 degradation without restoring stalled rRNA synthesis.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Cell permeable: yes
Primary Target
rDNA
rDNA
Reversible: yes
Packaging
Packaged under inert gas
Warning
Toxicity: Standard Handling (A)
Reconstitution
Following reconstitution, aliquot and freeze (-20°C). Stock solutions are stable for up to 6 months at -20°C.
Other Notes
Peltonen, K., et al. 2014. Cancer Cell25, 77.
Peltonen, K., et al. 2010. PLoS One5, e12996.
Peltonen, K., et al. 2010. PLoS One5, e12996.
Legal Information
CALBIOCHEM is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
Signal Word
Warning
Hazard Statements
Precautionary Statements
Hazard Classifications
Acute Tox. 4 Oral
Storage Class Code
11 - Combustible Solids
WGK
WGK 3
Flash Point(F)
Not applicable
Flash Point(C)
Not applicable
Regulatory Information
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Certificates of Analysis (COA)
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