19-144
Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate
≥99% (HPLC), solid, PKC activator, Upstate®
Synonym(s):
12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, 4β,9α,12β,13α,20-Pentahydroxytiglia-1,6-dien-3-one 12-tetradecanoate 13-acetate, PMA, TPA
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About This Item
UNSPSC Code:
12352211
eCl@ss:
32160405
NACRES:
NA.41
product name
Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate,
form
solid
Quality Level
manufacturer/tradename
Upstate®
technique(s)
activity assay: suitable (kinase)
shipped in
wet ice
General description
Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate (PMA) is obtained from the unripe fruit of Sapium indicum. It is a pro-inflammatory agent. PMA shows its effects by the release of cytokines, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases, and proteases that result in tissue damage or activates histamine production. This promotes vascular remodeling, heat, and redness. PMA exhibits antimicrobial, proliferative, antiproliferative, anti-neoplastic effects.
Application
Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate is suitable as an inducer of cell differentiation in monocytic cell lines such as U937 and THP-1.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate is a tumor-promoting phorbol ester. It regulates various processes such as gene transcription, cellular growth and differentiation, apoptosis, the immune response, and receptor desensitization via activating protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathways. It promotes differentiation of human monocytic THP-1 cells to functional macrophages.
Physical form
C36H56O8
Storage and Stability
2 years at -20°C
Legal Information
UPSTATE is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
Signal Word
Danger
Hazard Statements
Precautionary Statements
Hazard Classifications
Acute Tox. 1 Dermal - Acute Tox. 1 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 2 Oral - Carc. 2 - Eye Dam. 1 - Resp. Sens. 1 - Skin Corr. 1B - Skin Sens. 1
WGK
WGK 3
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
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Agnes Schröder et al.
Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie (2022-04-22)
Orthodontic tooth movement is a complex process involving the remodeling of extracellular matrix and bone as well as inflammatory processes. During orthodontic treatment, sterile inflammation and mechanical loading favor the production of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). Simultaneously, expression of
In vitro studies on the mode of action of the phorbol esters, potent tumor promoters: part 1.
Blumberg, P M
Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 8, 153-197 (1980)
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate upregulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human pulmonary epithelial cells via Ras, Raf-1, ERK, and NF-kappaB, but not p38 MAPK, pathways.
Chang, et al.
Cellular Signalling, 17, 299-310 (2018)
Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate Induced Toxicity Study and the Role of Tangeretin in Abrogating HIF-1?-NF-?B Crosstalk In Vitro and In Vivo
Sukkum N C, et al.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(23), 9261-9261 (2020)
Kassim Traore et al.
Leukemia research, 29(8), 863-879 (2005-06-28)
Human monocytic THP-1 cells can be induced to differentiate to macrophages when treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). It is understood that before initiating cell differentiation, PMA treatment must first induce an inhibition of cell growth. Since the initial biochemical
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