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W230618

Sigma-Aldrich

Citric acid

≥99.5%, FCC, FG

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Linear Formula:
HOC(COOH)(CH2COOH)2
CAS Number:
77-92-9
Molecular Weight:
192.12
FEMA Number:
2306
Beilstein:
782061
EC Number:
201-069-1
Council of Europe no.:
20c
MDL number:
MFCD00011669
UNSPSC Code:
12164502
PubChem Substance ID:
24900992
NACRES:
NA.21

biological source

synthetic

Quality Level

400

grade

FG
Halal
Kosher

reg. compliance

EU Regulation 1334/2008 & 178/2002
FCC
FDA 21 CFR 117
FDA 21 CFR 184.1033

Assay

≥99.5%

form

powder or granules

expl. lim.

8 %, 65 °F

pKa 

(1) 3.13, (2) 4.76, (3) 6.4

mp

153-159 °C (lit.)

solubility

water: 383 g/L at 25 °C

cation traces

As: ≤3.0 ppm
Cd: ≤1.0 ppm
Hg: ≤1.0 ppm
Pb: ≤0.5 ppm

application(s)

flavors and fragrances

Documentation

see Safety & Documentation for available documents

food allergen

no known allergens

Organoleptic

odorless

SMILES string

OC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O

InChI

1S/C6H8O7/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12)

InChI key

KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Gene Information

human ... SRC(6714)

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General description

Citric acid is an important organic acid that is extensively used in the food industry as a pH control agent, flavor modifier, an antimicrobial agent, a leavening agent and as an antioxidant. The treatment of potato-based foods with a combination of citric acid and glycine in low concentration may reduce the formation of acrylamide with minimal effect on the flavor. Citric acid is also an effective anti-browning agent of food and beverages due to its ability to inhibit the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme responsible for browning.

Application


  • Integrated time-series biochemical, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses reveal key metabolites and signaling pathways in the liver of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) against Aeromonas hydrophila infection.: This study uses a combination of biochemical, transcriptomic, and metabolomic approaches to identify critical metabolites and pathways, including those involving citric acid, in the response of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle to bacterial infection (Ji et al., 2024).

  • Enhancement of vitamin B(6) production driven by omics analysis combined with fermentation optimization.: The study integrates omics analyses with fermentation strategies to boost vitamin B6 production, identifying citric acid as a pivotal metabolic component in the optimization process (Tian et al., 2024).

Pictograms

Exclamation mark
GHS07

Signal Word

Warning

Hazard Statements

H319,H335

Hazard Classifications

Eye Irrit. 2 - STOT SE 3

Target Organs

Respiratory system

WGK

WGK 1

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Burdock GA
Encyclopedia of Food and Color Additives, 1, 613-616 (1997)
Browning inhibition mechanisms by cysteine, ascorbic acid and citric acid, and identifying PPO-catechol-cysteine reaction products
Ali HM, et al
Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52(6), 3651-3659 (2015)
Use of citric acid for shelf life and quality maintenance of fresh-cut Chinese water chestnut
Jiang, Y, et al
Journal of Food Engineering, 63(3), 325-328 (2004)
Effect of citric acid and glycine addition on acrylamide and flavor in a potato model system
Low M Y, et al.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(16), 5976-5983 (2006)
Prevention of enzymatic browning in fruit and vegetables
Ioannou I
European Scientific Journal, 9(30), 310-341 (2013)
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