米诺环素 盐酸盐

化学结构：四环素

Minocycline, a semi-synthetic second-generation tetracycline, is classified within the tetracycline class of antibiotics and is utilized for the management and treatment of both infectious and non-infectious conditions. Apart from its efficacy against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, minocycline also exhibits antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective properties. Tetracyclines, including minocycline, function by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby preventing charged tRNA from delivering amino acids to elongate the protein chain and form cellular protein. This disruption results in a bacteriostatic effect on the prokaryotic cell, leading to the loss of its ability to grow or replicate. Being lipid-soluble compounds, tetracyclines can traverse hydrophobic barriers such as biological membranes. Among tetracyclines, minocycline demonstrates higher lipophilicity than doxycycline, leading to increased concentrations in the central nervous system (CNS) and the skin.

盐酸米诺环素已被用于：

• 制备纳米脂质体以检查其对巨噬细胞的影响
• 抑制神经炎症 和神经性疼痛
• 治疗小鼠GL261胶质瘤细胞胶质瘤

米诺环素是一种具有抑菌功能的广谱抗生素。米诺环素具有抗炎作用。米诺环素可抑制脂多糖介导的巨噬细胞炎性细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α ）的分泌。米诺环素以剂量依赖性方式抑制巨噬细胞增殖。米诺环素可通过抑制关键的炎症酶（如诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、基质金属蛋白酶9（MMP-9）和5-脂氧合酶），从而抑制阿尔茨海默症#8242;样淀粉样蛋白病变前斑块中的神经炎症。米诺环素可抑制内皮细胞增殖和血管生成。米诺环素可通过抑制膜型1基质金属蛋白酶（MT1-MMP）在胶质瘤中表现出抗肿瘤活性。米诺环素可增加认知和神经元分化。 米诺环素可通过增加痛敏肽/孤啡肽FQ的功能有效地减轻神经性疼痛。

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