牛血清白蛋白 来源于牛血清

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a 66.4 kDa, water-soluble protein composed of 583 amino acids.[1][2] It has a single polypeptide chain with three homologous domains formed by six α-helices. Depending on pH, it undergoes reversible conformational isomerization. The native structure of the protein becomes reactive and flexible on heating.[2] BSA has been used as a model protein in various applications, including immunodiagnostic procedures, cell culture media and clinical chemistry.[3] Serum albumins facilitates drug disposition and efficacy by maintaining osmotic blood pressure.[4]

Bovine Serum Albumin has been used:

• to prevent nonspecific adsorption of fibrin matrices to tissue culture plates[5]
• as a constituent in the preparation of albumin droplets[6][7]
• as a supplement in L-15 medium to increase spermatogonia number without enhancing the growth of somatic cells[8]
• as a standard protein to evaluate metal oxide adsorption isotherms[9]

Among its many applications, BSA is a fatty acid (FA) carrier. Thus when BSA is used in applications like cell culture, it is important to exercise control over particular FA′s for cell culture, because specific fatty acids can affect different cell lines in a variable manner. In order to control fatty acid content in cell culture, fatty acid-free BSA is useful, for researchers to be able fatty acids specific to their cell lines. Fatty acid-free BSA also allows for optimal and maximum binding sites for the specific FA′s to use in cell culture. The use of FA-free BSA also addresses concerns about endogenous fatty acids that might be potentially present in non-FA-free BSA.

BSA的某些构象和初级序列表位是人类对牛肉和牛奶过敏中的可疑过敏原。

血清白蛋白可能也会被称为Fraction V。该命名惯例取自使用冷乙醇沉淀对血清蛋白进行分级的原始Cohn法。 血清白蛋白可在采用Cohn′法的第五乙醇分级中发现。 从此，有些人便开始使用“Fraction V”这一术语来描述血清白蛋白，无论使用的是什么制备方法。 也有人在使用该术语来描述通过乙醇分级方法而纯化得到血清白蛋白，而这种方法是相对于原始的Cohn法一直在得到高度的改良。Sigma-Aldrich生产和分销从各种主要方法纯化得到的血清白蛋白，包括真正的Cohn分级法、改良的乙醇分级方法、热休克和色谱法。 更多的纯化步骤包括结晶或木炭过滤。

采用热休克分级分离法制备。经过进一步纯化以降低脂肪酸含量。