等级
Laboratory Reagent
质量水平
蒸汽密度
3.2 (vs air)
蒸汽压
22 mmHg ( 20 °C)
26 mmHg ( 25 °C)
检测方案
≥99.3%
形式
liquid
自燃温度
997 °F
expl. lim.
7 %
杂质
≤0.05% water
蒸发残留物
≤0.005%
折射率
n/D 1.496 (lit.)
bp
110-111 °C (lit.)
mp
-93 °C (lit.)
密度
0.865 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
应用
microbiology
SMILES字符串
Cc1ccccc1
InChI
1S/C7H8/c1-7-5-3-2-4-6-7/h2-6H,1H3
InChI key
YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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一般描述
Toluene, a flammable liquid with a pungent odor, is widely employed as organic solvent. It is widely used as a precursor for synthesizing benzene and as a solvent in the paint industry. It has been reported to be a biotoxic solvent (toxic to many microorganisms at 0.1%v/v concentrations). Its anaerobic biodegradation to CO2, by the denitrifying bacterium Thauera arornatica has been reported. It forms syndiotactic polystyrene-toluene molecular compound. Crystal structure of this molecular compound has been investigated by X-ray diffraction studies.
应用
Toluene may be used as a solvent in the following studies:
- Preparation of 4-arm polylactide-based (PLA) star oligomer.
- Transformation of C6 sugar monomers/oligomers (glucose, maltose, and β-cyclodextrins) to levulinic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst.
Toluene undergoes alkylation in the presence of modified ZSM (Zeolite Socony Mobil)-5-class zeolite catalysts to form p-xylene with high selectivity. When doped on graphene, it acts as an electron donor leading to alteration in graphene electrical properties.
警示用语：
Danger
危险分类
Aquatic Chronic 3 - Asp. Tox. 1 - Flam. Liq. 2 - Repr. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT RE 2 Inhalation - STOT SE 3
靶器官
Central nervous system
WGK
WGK 3
闪点(°F)
39.9 °F
闪点(°C)
4.4 °C
法规信息
危险化学品
易制毒化学品（3类）
Acid-catalyzed conversion of C6 sugar monomer/oligomers to levulinic acid in water, tetrahydrofuran and toluene: Importance of the solvent polarity.
Hu X, et al.
Fuel: The Science and Technology of Fuel and Energy, 141, 56-63 (2015)
Direct laser writing of 3D scaffolds for neural tissue engineering applications.
Melissinaki V, et al.
Biofabrication, 3(4), 045005-045005 (2011)
Toluene.
von Burg R.
Journal of Applied Toxicology, 13(6), 441-446 (1993)
Selective alkylation of toluene with methanol to produce para-xylene.
Kaeding WW, et al.
J. Catal., 67(1), 159-174 (1981)
T Biegert et al.
European journal of biochemistry, 238(3), 661-668 (1996-06-15)
Toluene is degraded anoxically to CO2 by the denitrifying bacterium Thauera aromatica. Toluene first becomes oxidized to benzoyl-CoA by O2-independent reactions. Benzoyl-CoA is then reduced to non-aromatic products by benzoyl-CoA reductase. We set out to study the reactions employed for
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