OGFOD1 catalyzes prolyl hydroxylation of RPS23 and is involved in translation control and stress granule formation.

OGFOD1 catalyzes prolyl hydroxylation of RPS23 and is involved in translation control and stress granule formation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2014-02-20)

Rachelle S Singleton, Phebee Liu-Yi, Fabio Formenti, Wei Ge, Rok Sekirnik, Roman Fischer, Julie Adam, Patrick J Pollard, Alexander Wolf, Armin Thalhammer, Christoph Loenarz, Emily Flashman, Atsushi Yamamoto, Mathew L Coleman, Benedikt M Kessler, Pablo Wappner, Christopher J Schofield, Peter J Ratcliffe, Matthew E Cockman

PMID24550447

ABSTRACT

2-Oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase domain-containing protein 1 (OGFOD1) is predicted to be a conserved 2OG oxygenase, the catalytic domain of which is related to hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylases. OGFOD1 homologs in yeast are implicated in diverse cellular functions ranging from oxygen-dependent regulation of sterol response genes (Ofd1, Schizosaccharomyces pombe) to translation termination/mRNA polyadenylation (Tpa1p, Saccharomyces cerevisiae). However, neither the biochemical activity of OGFOD1 nor the identity of its substrate has been defined. Here we show that OGFOD1 is a prolyl hydroxylase that catalyzes the posttranslational hydroxylation of a highly conserved residue (Pro-62) in the small ribosomal protein S23 (RPS23). Unusually OGFOD1 retained a high affinity for, and forms a stable complex with, the hydroxylated RPS23 substrate. Knockdown or inactivation of OGFOD1 caused a cell type-dependent induction of stress granules, translational arrest, and growth impairment in a manner complemented by wild-type but not inactive OGFOD1. The work identifies a human prolyl hydroxylase with a role in translational regulation.