Skip to Content
Merck
CN
  • Reduction of aryl halides by consecutive visible light-induced electron transfer processes.

Reduction of aryl halides by consecutive visible light-induced electron transfer processes.

Science (New York, N.Y.) (2014-11-08)
Indrajit Ghosh, Tamal Ghosh, Javier I Bardagi, Burkhard König
ABSTRACT

Biological photosynthesis uses the energy of several visible light photons for the challenging oxidation of water, whereas chemical photocatalysis typically involves only single-photon excitation. Perylene bisimide is reduced by visible light photoinduced electron transfer (PET) to its stable and colored radical anion. We report here that subsequent excitation of the radical anion accumulates sufficient energy for the reduction of stable aryl chlorides giving aryl radicals, which were trapped by hydrogen atom donors or used in carbon-carbon bond formation. This consecutive PET (conPET) overcomes the current energetic limitation of visible light photoredox catalysis and allows the photocatalytic conversion of less reactive chemical bonds in organic synthesis.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Activated Charcoal Norit®, Norit® PK 1-3, from peat, steam activated, granular
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated Charcoal Norit®, Norit® RB3, for gas purification, steam activated, rod
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated Charcoal Norit®, Norit® SX2, powder, from peat, multi-purpose activated charcoal, steam activated and acid washed
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated Charcoal Norit®, Norit® GAC 1240W, from coal, for potable water processing, steam activated, granular
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated Charcoal Norit®, Norit® SX ultra, from peat, corresponds U.S. Food chemicals codex (3rd Ed.), steam activated and acid washed, highly purified, powder
Sigma-Aldrich
iPr-PDI, ≥95%
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated charcoal, suitable for cell culture, suitable for plant cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
Carbon, nanopowder, <100 nm particle size (TEM)
Supelco
Activated charcoal, puriss. p.a., powder
Millipore
Activated charcoal, suitable for GC
Supelco
Activated Charcoal Norit®, Norit® RBAA-3, rod
Supelco
Activated charcoal, powder
Supelco
Activated charcoal, for the determination of AOX, 50-150 μm particle size
Sigma-Aldrich
Carbon, glassy, spherical powder, 2-12 μm, 99.95% trace metals basis
Carbon - Vitreous, foil, 10x10mm, thickness 4.0mm, glassy carbon
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated charcoal, powder, -100 particle size (mesh), decolorizing
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated charcoal, acid-washed with hydrochloric acid
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated charcoal, DARCO®, 4-12 mesh particle size, granular
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated charcoal, DARCO®, 20-40 mesh particle size, granular
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated charcoal, DARCO®, −100 mesh particle size, powder
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated charcoal, DARCO®, 12-20 mesh, granular
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated charcoal, acid-washed with phosphoric and sulfuric acids
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated charcoal, untreated, granular, 8-20 mesh
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated charcoal, untreated, granular, 20-60 mesh
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated charcoal, untreated, granular, ≤5 mm
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated Charcoal, meets USP testing specifications
Sigma-Aldrich
Activated charcoal, Norit® ROW 0.8 SUPRA, pellets
Carbon - Vitreous, rod, 50mm, diameter 1.0mm, glassy carbon
Carbon - Vitreous, rod, 5mm, diameter 3.0mm, glassy carbon
Carbon - Vitreous, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 4.0mm, glassy carbon