Bismuth(III) reagents in steroid and terpene chemistry.

Bismuth(III) reagents in steroid and terpene chemistry.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2011-04-06)

Jorge A R Salvador, Samuel M Silvestre, Rui M A Pinto

ABSTRACT

Steroid and terpene chemistry still have a great impact on medicinal chemistry. Therefore, the development of new reactions or "greener" processes in this field is a contemporaneous issue. In this review, the use of bismuth(III) salts, as "ecofriendly" reagents/catalysts, on new chemical processes involving steroids and terpenes as substrates will be focused. Special attention will be given to some mechanistic considerations concerning selected reactions.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

264008

Sigma-Aldrich

Bismuth, powder, −100 mesh, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

556130

Sigma-Aldrich

Bismuth, pieces, 1-12 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

452386

Sigma-Aldrich

Bismuth, beads, 1-5 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

265470

Sigma-Aldrich

Bismuth, shot, 4-30 mesh, 99.9% trace metals basis

265462

Sigma-Aldrich

Bismuth, powder, −100 mesh, 99% trace metals basis

GF12228465

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.0025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF29370315

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.005mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF91742328

Bismuth, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.05mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF91446947

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.002mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF75246183

Bismuth, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 2.0mm, 100%

GF53868718

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.015mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF85045631

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.01mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF86561354

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF93912891

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF19448017

Bismuth, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 1.0mm, 100%

GF09816307

Bismuth, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.02mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF12515891

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.015mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF05789425

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF95571995

Bismuth, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.05mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF31001960

Bismuth, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 2.0mm, 100%

GF21124561

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.05mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF58555581

Bismuth, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 1.0mm, 100%

GF40940153

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF24083692

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.015mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF89918500

Bismuth, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.25mm, 100%

GF30816356

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF50591268

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.005mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF86892441

Bismuth, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF82117447

Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.001mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%

GF71570550

Bismuth, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.5mm, 100%