Palladium-catalysed hydroxylation and alkoxylation.

Palladium-catalysed hydroxylation and alkoxylation.

Chemical Society reviews (2011-06-07)

Stephan Enthaler, Anna Company

ABSTRACT

The formation of oxygen-carbon bonds is one of the fundamental transformations in organic synthesis. In this regard the application of palladium-based catalysts has been extensively studied during recent years. Nowadays it is an established methodology and the success has been proven in manifold synthetic procedures. This tutorial review summarizes the advances on palladium-catalysed C-O bond formation, means hydroxylation and alkoxylation reactions.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

686468

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, nanopowder, <25 nm particle size (TEM), ≥99.5%

373206

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, evaporation slug, diam. × L 0.6 cm × 0.6 cm, 99.95% trace metals basis

348694

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, wire, diam. 0.5 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

267112

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

267082

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, sponge, 99.9% trace metals basis

GF90427866

Palladium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF74894136

Palladium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF29399158

Palladium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF23374661

Palladium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.50mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF02178761

Palladium, wire reel, 2m, diameter 0.025mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF08208277

Palladium, microfoil, disks, 50mm, thinness 0.1μm, specific density 119.2μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

GF23734065

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.005mm, 99.95%

GF86358077

Palladium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.047mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF06323295

Palladium, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 0.02mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF88212898

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF04041403

Palladium, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF11001564

Palladium, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 0.05μm, specific density 63.6μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

GF49794317

Palladium, wire reel, 2m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.95%

GF73152648

Palladium, rod, 10mm, diameter 6.0mm, 99.95%

GF90054659

Palladium, rod, 50mm, diameter 6.0mm, 99.95%

GF51724784

Palladium, wire reel, 0.1m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF89838220

Palladium, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.075mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF84888297

Palladium, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 0.25μm, specific density 303.4μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

GF96367977

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.001mm, permanent polyester support, 99.75%

GF99300371

Palladium, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.125mm, hard, 99.95%

GF21832747

Palladium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.50mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF35196330

Palladium, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 2.0mm, inside diameter 1.6mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF21757619

Palladium, wire reel, 0.1m, diameter 0.125mm, hard, 99.95%

GF70629880

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.003mm, 99.95%

GF62759841

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.005mm, 99.95%