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  • Pharmacological blockade of the EP3 prostaglandin E2 receptor in the setting of type 2 diabetes enhances β-cell proliferation and identity and relieves oxidative damage.

Pharmacological blockade of the EP3 prostaglandin E2 receptor in the setting of type 2 diabetes enhances β-cell proliferation and identity and relieves oxidative damage.

Molecular metabolism (2021-10-10)
Karin J Bosma, Spencer R Andrei, Liora S Katz, Ashley A Smith, Jennifer C Dunn, Valerie F Ricciardi, Marisol A Ramirez, Sharon Baumel-Alterzon, William A Pace, Darian T Carroll, Emily M Overway, Elysa M Wolf, Michelle E Kimple, Quanhu Sheng, Donald K Scott, Richard M Breyer, Maureen Gannon
ABSTRACT

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia and inflammation. Prostaglandin E2, which signals through four G protein-coupled receptors (EP1-4), is a mediator of inflammation and is upregulated in diabetes. We have shown previously that EP3 receptor blockade promotes β-cell proliferation and survival in isolated mouse and human islets ex vivo. Here, we analyzed whether systemic EP3 blockade could enhance β-cell mass and identity in the setting of type 2 diabetes using mice with a spontaneous mutation in the leptin receptor (Leprdb). Four- or six-week-old, db/+, and db/db male mice were treated with an EP3 antagonist daily for two weeks. Pancreata were analyzed for α-cell and β-cell proliferation and β-cell mass. Islets were isolated for transcriptomic analysis. Selected gene expression changes were validated by immunolabeling of the pancreatic tissue sections. EP3 blockade increased β-cell mass in db/db mice through enhanced β-cell proliferation. Importantly, there were no effects on α-cell proliferation. EP3 blockade reversed the changes in islet gene expression associated with the db/db phenotype and restored the islet architecture. Expression of the GLP-1 receptor was slightly increased by EP3 antagonist treatment in db/db mice. In addition, the transcription factor nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and downstream targets were increased in islets from db/db mice in response to treatment with an EP3 antagonist. The markers of oxidative stress were decreased. The current study suggests that EP3 blockade promotes β-cell mass expansion in db/db mice. The beneficial effects of EP3 blockade may be mediated through Nrf2, which has recently emerged as a key mediator in the protection against cellular oxidative damage.

MATERIALS
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Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Anti-Glucagon Antibody, clone 13D11.33, clone 13D11.33, from mouse
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100 μL
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CN¥5,551.31